Abstract Japan has been implementing grant aid projects for developing countries many years, but in recent have experienced unsuccessful bidding (i.e., all bid prices are higher than the target price), due to a gap between project price and price. For public works contracts Japan, may not be signed more under any circumstances. Therefore, if exceeds price, tender cannot completed. The estimatio...

Anxiety comprises many clinical descriptions and phenotypes. A genetic predisposition to anxiety is undoubted; however, the nature and extent of that contribution is still unclear. Extensive genetic studies of the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) transporter (5-HTT) gene have revealed how variation in gene expression can be correlated with anxiety phenotypes. Complete genome-wide linkage s...

the certainty assumption that is used in economic analysis, althouth is easier in analysis, may be but not logical because in most projects time is playing a key role. in this time horizon the amount of income and future costs affecting by factors that are not managable by investors and can not to be forecasted. therefore in practice usually there is a gap between forecased and real variables. ...

Information technology (IT) project management is a crucial issue for organizations today. A 1995 study in the USA found that 31 per cent of software projects will be canceled before completion, and more than half the projects will cost an average of 189 per cent of the original estimates. This article examines the results of a survey questionnaire that was sent to Canada's 1,450 leading public...

Available online 27 June 2012 We present an exploratory investigation of how managers conceptualize and perceive ‘product– firm compatibility’ variables in successful and unsuccessful new product development (NPD) projects, and explore the role that they play in differentiating between successful and unsuccessful NPD outcomes. The findings show that managers perceive two distinctive types of pr...