conclusions the fluoride content of drinking water in reservoirs and at homes was below the optimal level in mariwan. no differences were observed from the standard levels in behbahan. there were no differences in fluoride content of water in reservoirs and in home pipelines, indicating no tangible changes in fluoride content from the reservoirs to the homes. in neither of the towns was severe ...

In this paper, we ask “Can proximity to towns reduces poverty in rural areas?” For this study we have mapped all the villages in Orissa. The study is based on small area poverty estimation methodology as well as the secondary data covering 47,395 villages and 109 towns. Our main findings are (i) there is a relationship between the distance to nearest town and rural poverty and (ii) poverty leve...

OBJECTIVE To compare proportions of low birthweight babies and mean heights of schoolchildren between rural and urban areas at different levels of social deprivation. DESIGN Cross sectional population based study classifying cases by Townsend material deprivation index of enumeration district of residence and by rural areas, small towns, and large towns. SETTING Northumberland Health Distri...

career days; and science projects undertaken with Scout troops. Churches that received grants from the competition varied in denomination, geographical region, and the size of the communityserved. Among the cities represented are Baltimore, Chicago, Detroit, Houston, New Orleans, New York, Philadelphia, and Washington, D.C. Churches in smaller towns in several states also received grants; eight...

With the aim of improving knowledge on the geographical distribution and characterization of malignant tumors in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country (Spain), age-standardized cancer incidence rates of the 6 most frequent cancer types for patients of each sex between 1986 and 1994 are analyzed, in relation to the towns of the Community. Concretely, we perform a geographical clustering...

introduction many plans and programs have been outlined to solve problems including rapid increase of urbanization, unbalanced distribution of population, a plenty of urban problems, increase of unemployment, underdevelopment of rural points, immigration and specially migration of active population toward metropolitan areas. these are rampant issues throughout iran like many other developing co...