In 1909, several years before the famous `Organizer’ experiments of Spemann and Mangold, Ethel Browne demonstrated induction of a secondary axis in hydra by grafting a hypostome. Based on this and subsequent work, in the late sixties, Lewis Wolpert proposed the theory of morphogen gradients and positional information. We have studied secondary axis induction by hypostome and foot tissue using t...

In this study, we developed an automated, multipoint primary accelerometer calibration system using a two-axis positioning stage and heterodyne laser interferometer. The proposed offers low-cost, convenient, automated calibration, enabling less lead time. also better repeatability of 1μm, which is impossible through manual alignments. We measured the surface deformation reflection adaptor for s...