Abstract How are parties' ideological positions and levels of populism connected? Existing research either advocates for a U‐shaped relationship between left‐right position their degree or uses specific dimensions two‐dimensional policy space to describe right‐wing populist parties. We provide an integrated perspective by arguing that is higher when parties put strong emphasis on collectivist h...

One of the founding fathers European Union (EU) was very correct in suggesting that people would only recognize necessity change once a crisis upon them, as “war on terror” show. The EU, this special issue shows, joined terror”, whereby it collectively securitized threat to become European, rather than national security – terror”. It aims assess collective securitization process EU counterterro...

In this paper, the competition between two supply chains and their elements is studied. Each chain consisted of a manufacturer and a distributor and the two chains compete in a market with single type of customer sensitive to price and delivery time. Therefore, this is a two-supply chain game and during the competition between two supply chains, elements of each supply chain (manufacturer and/o...