For Iran as an oil exporter country, heavy reliance on the extractive sector for generating fiscal revenues and export earnings translates into increased vulnerabilities to oil price shocks. The structure of the economic policy, and the   banking systems make macroprudential policy a particular relevant tool for Iran. The capital adequacy is a macro prudential instrument used to maintain the st...

E xternal financing is critical to ventures that do not have a revenue source but need to recruit employees, develop products, pay suppliers, and market their products/services. There is an increasing belief among entrepreneurs that electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM), specifically blog coverage, can aid in achieving venture capital financing. Conflicting findings reported by past studies examining...

Despite anecdotal evidence connecting angel and venture capital (VC) financing, there is little systematic evidence on how the two early-stage capital sources interact. To study this topic, I assemble the first comprehensive dataset on angel financing and characterize its size, scope, and role in the early-stage capital market. I use the population of newly incorporated startups located in Cali...

a r t i c l e i n f o The study explores Israel's Silicon Valley style of entrepreneurial financing and venture capital (VC) management. Israel is known as the most successful Silicon Valley-style economy, similar to the US Silicon Valley. The high-tech economy of Israel presents an interesting case of effective institutional setting and policies that transform the country into the innovation n...