The circadian rhythm is one of the most crucial and universal biological rhythms in living organisms. As a typical nocturnal creature, Pacific abalone ( Haliotis discus hannai ) exhibits rhythmic behaviors terms passively selecting whether to avoid predators or forage, active adaptation light cycle changes regulated by clock. However, no basic data are available help us understand these species...

Construction industry faces a lot of inherent uncertainties and issues. As this industry is plagued by risk, risk management is an important part of the decision-making process of these companies. Risk assessment is the critical procedure of risk management. Despite many scholars and practitioners recognizing the risk assessment models in projects, insufficient attention has been paid by resear...

stock selection criteria play a key role in contrarian portfolio construction. the usual approach is applying cumulative return as stock selection criteria however applying this criterion leads to ranking stocks without considering investment risk. in this study, we analyze contrarian strategies that are based on reward–risk stock selection criteria in contrast to ordinary contrarian strategies...

in traditional portfolio selection model coefficients often are certain and deterministic, but in real world these coefficients are probabilistic. so decision maker cannot estimate them exactly. financial optimization is one of the most attractive areas in decision under uncertainty. in the portfolio selection problem the decision maker considers simultaneously conflicting objectives such as ra...

Prospective payment encourages managed care organizations to select low-risk patients. This article models an entitlement program utilizing patient-level competitive bidding to mitigate risk selection. Three mechanisms are tested: uniform payment, pure bidding, and a mix of payment and bidding. Results show selection always occurs under optimal uniform payment, but never under either bidding me...

In portfolio theory, it is well-known that the distributions of stock returns often have non-Gaussian characteristics. Therefore, we need non-symmetric distributions for modeling and accurate analysis of actuarial data. For this purpose and optimal portfolio selection, we use the Tail Mean-Variance (TMV) model, which focuses on the rare risks but high losses and usually happens in the tail of r...

an alternative for decreasing risk for knowledge workers is effective & optimized work break.major performance criteria in r&d; based organization is successful projects. selection of opproporiate members can be a most effect on the projects achievement. but as the selection of r&d; special members lead to decrease of risk, repeatative participation of this people in the same project lead to kn...

This paper develops a bi-objective portfolio selection problem that maximizes returns and minimizes a risk measure called conditional Drawdown (CDD). The drawdown measures include the maximal Drawdown and Average Drawdown as its limiting case. The CDD family of risk functional is similar to conditional value at Risk (CVaR). In this paper, the fuzzy method has been used to solve the bi-objec...