To determine the optimum bile acid regimen for rapid gall stone dissolution, 48 gall stone patients were divided into four groups of 12 according to stone diameter and were randomly allocated to receive one of four treatment regimens: bedtime or mealtime chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA, 12 mg/kg/day) and bedtime or mealtime ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA, 12 mg/kg/day). An additional 10 patients treate...

Bile acids play an important role in post-prandial glucose metabolism by stimulating release of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) via the G-protein-coupled receptor TGR5, which is expressed in intestinal L cells. Thus, bile acid sequestrants are expected to stimulate secretion of endogenous GLP-1 through TGR5. We investigated incretin and insulin secretion after a meal with and without ursodeoxyc...

This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in the treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Three patients with PBC (stage II) have been treated with UDCA (Ursofalk and Falk Pharma, Freiburg, Germany)--of 10 mg/kg daily dosage in the course of three years. Patients with well-defined PBC underwent complete history, physical examination, liver chemistrie...

This review provides an overview of the use pig by-products such as bile salt and their originated bioactive compounds. Pig also increase in production consumption meat increases every year, but due to high cost processing large imbalance supply demand over season, they change significantly rely on imported with low price fluctuations. For this reason, a amount domestic pork that are not consum...

We present a diagnostically challenging case of 30-year-old twin males with chronic elevated liver enzymes (GGT) without history of hepato-biliary diseases. Genetic study disclosed mutations in gene ABCB11 and liver histopathology shows only scanty fatty change without evidence of fibrosis or malignancy. Liver enzymes level successfully return to normal in 2 moths following ursodeoxycholic acid...

Introduction Platelets are well-established mediators of inflammatory responses throughout the body. Increased platelet activity occurs in the intestinal mucosa in conditions of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), where it may contribute to the mucosal fibrosis associated with these diseases. The bile acids, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), deoxycholic acid (DCA) and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA)...

Prior research strongly implicates gastric acid and bile acids, two major components of the gastroesophageal refluxate, in the development of Barrett's esophagus and its pathogenesis. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a hydrophilic bile acid, has been shown to protect esophageal cells against oxidative stress induced by cytotoxic bile acids. We conducted a pilot clinical study to evaluate the clinic...

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease of presumed autoimmune etiology affecting predominantly middle-aged women; it is a slowly progressive disease causing loss of intrahepatic bile ducts, resulting in advanced fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver failure. Many drugs have been studied for treatment, including agents with choleretic and immunosuppressive properties. Ur...

Disturbed blood flow with low-oscillatory shear stress (OSS) is a predominant atherogenic factor leading to dysfunctional endothelial cells (ECs). Recently, it was found that disturbed flow can directly induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in ECs, thereby playing a critical role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a naturally occurring bile ac...