BACKGROUND Early deafness leads to enhanced attention in the visual periphery. Yet, whether this enhancement confers advantages in everyday life remains unknown, as deaf individuals have been shown to be more distracted by irrelevant information in the periphery than their hearing peers. Here, we show that, in a complex attentional task, a performance advantage results for deaf individuals. M...

Patients: A series of 16 patients diagnosed with traumatic brain injury (n = 12) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (n = 4) were followed before and after taking methylphenidate, as a part of treatment for clinically identified atten-tional deficit. Results: The introduction of methylphenidate correlated with an improvement in processing speed loss, divided attention loss, and selective attention loss...

The purpose of these analyses was to examine mediators of the transfer of cognitive speed of processing training to improved everyday functional performance (J. D. Edwards, V. G. Wadley,, D. E. Vance, D. L. Roenker, & K. K. Ball, 2005, The impact of speed of processing training on cognitive and everyday performance. Aging & Mental Health, 9, 262-271). Cognitive speed of processing and visual at...

The evaluation of reproductive qualities mares is an important element horse breeding technology. Histological analysis the endometrium provides information about mare’s ability to conceive and carry a pregnancy term. article presents results histological studies in <10 (n=6) ≥10 (n=13) years old (yо). Two morphometric parameters were used for analysis: diameter (GDm) density (GDs) endometri...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the relationship between performance-based risk factors and subsequent at-fault motor vehicle collision (MVC) involvement in a cohort of older drivers. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Motor Vehicle Administration (MVA) field sites in Maryland. PARTICIPANTS Of the 4,173 older drivers invited to participate in the study, 2,114 individuals aged 55 to 96 agreed...

Abstract Objective Training in a divided attention/speed-of-processing task called Useful Field of View (UFOV) reduced dementia risk older adults. Higher connectivity resting-state networks involved attention/inter-network modulation (cingulo-opercular network(CON); frontoparietal control network(FPCN)) relates to better UFOV performance. Cognitive status CON and Therefore, it may be an importa...

Objective: Computerized training for cognitive enhancement is of great public interest, however, there is inconsistent evidence for the transfer of training gains to every day activity. Several large trials have focused on speed of processing (SOP) training with some promising findings for long-term effects on daily activity, but no immediate transfer to other cognitive tests. Here, we examine ...

PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between the functional visual acuity (FVA) and useful field of view (UFOV) in elderly drivers and assess the usefulness of the FVA test to screen driving aptitude in elderly drivers. METHODS This study included 45 elderly drivers (31 men, 14 women; mean age, 68.1 years) and 30 younger drivers (26 men, 4 women; mean age, 34.2 years) who drive regularly. ...