BACKGROUND Administrators at hospitals with a fixed annual budget may want to focus surgical services on priority areas to ensure its community receives the best health services possible. However, many hospitals lack the detailed managerial accounting data needed to ensure that such a change does not increase operating costs. The authors used a detailed hospital cost database to investigate by ...

Cell Formation (CF) is the initial step in the configuration of cell assembling frameworks. This paper proposes a new mathematical model for the CF problem considering aspects of production planning, namely inventory, backorder, and subcontracting. In this paper, for the first time, backorder is considered in cell formation problem. The main objective is to minimize the total fixed and variable...

Facing supply uncertainty of bulky wastes, the capacitated multi-product stochastic network design model for bulky waste recycling is proposed in this paper. The objective of this model is to minimize the first-stage total fixed costs and the expected value of the second-stage variable costs. The possibility of operation costs and transportation costs for bulky waste recycling is considered ...

Transaction costs can make it unprofitable to rebalance all the way to the ideal portfolio. A single-period analysis using mean-variance theory provides many interesting insights. With fixed or variable costs, there is a non-trading region within which trading does not pay. With only variable costs, any trading is to the boundary of the non-trading region, while fixed costs induce trading to th...

We develop a string comparator based on edit distance that uses variable edit-step costs derived from training data. Using first and last name data from Census files, we compare the performance of this string comparator with one without variable edit step costs and with the JaroWinkler string comparator, which is standardly used in the Census Bureau’s record linkage software.

in many real systems in which a state variable should be controlled for being in appropriate range, the length of control (review) intervals is taken to be constant. in such systems, when the cost of reviews and out-of-range values of the state variable are considerable, this method may not be optimal. in this paper we let the length of review intervals to be variable during each operating cycl...

in order to estimate economic values of productive traits (meat, milk and wool) in taleshi native sheep breed of iran, records from economic parameters and performance of local taleshi flocks were used. the economic values of traits were used to select the maximum profit estimation also to study the sensitivity rate of the model the effects of 20 percent increase / decrease in the price of milk...