This paper presents the design and analysis of a novel 2.4 GHz Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO), with amplitude control and Q enhancement circuit, for wireless communication applications. The variable capacitors and the inductors were designed using ANSYS and imported through DAC components in ADS (Advanced Design software). Accurate simulation of the VCO was performed in the software enviro...

A modified inductance-capacitance voltage controlled oscillator (LC-VCO) topology is presented in this paper. NMOS only varactor has been used instead of variable capacitance. The frequency of oscillation of the VCO is 7.68GHz with a power dissipation of 5.68mW. The designed oscillator is characterized by a tuning range of 26.73%. Compared to the reference circuit, there is an improvement in fr...

This paper describes the design and analysis of a fully integrated CMOS Voltage Controlled Oscillators (VCO). The VCO is designed in TSMC 0.25um single-poly, 5-metal CMOS process. It is designed to have a tuning range greater than 15% covering the frequency bands of WLAN 802.11b while consuming less than 7 mW of power. A generalized linear phase noise model is developed to predict VCO performan...

A CMOS voltage controlled Op-Amp oscillator based on N-stage single-ended chain of different inverter types is described in this paper. This paper describes a performance and comparison of a ring oscillator based VCO and an Op-Amp based oscillator based VCO. The VCO is intended to operate in a op-amp based VCO to generate local oscillator frequency for an system. An oscillator topology an impro...

In this paper a low-power low-phase-noise voltage-controlled-oscillator (VCO) has been designed and, fabricated in 0.25μm SiGe BiCMOS process. The resonator of the VCO is implemented with on-chip MIM capacitors and a single aluminum bondwire. A tail current filter is realized to suppress flicker noise up-conversion. The measured phase noise is −126.6 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from a 7.8 GHz carrie...

Voltage Control Oscillator (VCO) is one of the most sensitive components in Phase-locked loops (PLLs). This paper presents the design, analysis and total ionization dose (TID) measurement results of a 3GHz VCO designed and implemented using a commercial 0.25μm Silicon-on-Sapphire (SOS) CMOS process. First, we present the TID effects on single NMOS and PMOS transistors made in a test chip using ...

A rapid method for quantitative analysis of free fatty acids in virgin coconut oil (VCO) was determined using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Thirty training samples of VCO were prepared by spiking lauric acid to VCO samples covering a range of 0.1% to 5% of free fatty acids. FTIR spectra between 1730 and 1690 cm-1 was used for quantitative determination of free fatty acids. A p...

BACKGROUND The lowest minute ventilation (VE) and carbon dioxide production (VCO(2)) ratio during exercise has been suggested to be the most stable and reproducible marker of ventilatory efficiency in patients with heart failure (HF). However, the prognostic power of this index is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 847 HF patients underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) and were...

Virgin coconut oil (VCO) has been widely used traditionally in Malaysia as moisturiser and food supplement. Recently, VCO has been growing in popularity because of its better chemical and biological properties compared to coconut oil. VCO contains medium chain fatty acids of which 4550% lauric acid. Lauric acid has been proven to become a strong anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial agent. In th...

Virgin coconut oil (VCO) was found to have antioxidant property due to its high polyphenol content. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the virgin coconut oil on lipid peroxidation in the bone of an osteoporotic rat model. Normal female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 3 months old were randomly divided into 4 groups, with 8 rats in each group: baseline, sham, ovariectomised (OVX) co...