AIM To determine the spatial and temporal changes in the staining pattern of the VEGF receptors FLT-1, KDR, and the putative receptor FLT-4 during the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. METHODS Immunohistochemical localisation of VEGF receptors, using antibodies against FLT-1, FLT-4, and KDR, was carried out on specimens of normal human retina (n = 10), diabetic retinas (a) with no overt r...

Compared to other techniques of propagation, grafting is the most successful and feasible technique for asexual propagation of walnut plants. There is little information about graft union formation in walnut. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate histological events during graft union formation in Juglans regia L. cv. Chandler scions when minigrafted on the one-year-old seedlin...

Objective: Soil temperature serves as a key variable in hydrological investigations to determine soil moisture content as well as hydrological balance in watersheds. The ingoing research aims to shed lights on potential of artificial neural networks (ANNs) and Neuro-Fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to simulate soil temperature at 5-100 cm depths. To satisfy this end, climatic and...

The dependence of nonlinear optical response on temperature is investigated theoretically for a metal–dielectric composite with interfacial layers in a dilute limit. We show that the effect of interfacial layers on the nonlinear optical response of such composites is more prominent at low temperatures than at high temperatures, that the interfacial factor depends on the volume fraction of metal...

Objective: Soil temperature serves as a key variable in hydrological investigations to determine soil moisture content as well as hydrological balance in watersheds. The ingoing research aims to shed lights on potential of artificial neural networks (ANNs) and Neuro-Fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to simulate soil temperature at 5-100 cm depths. To satisfy this end, climatic and...

The affinity of weak polyelectrolyte coated oxide particles to the oil-water interface can be controlled by the degree of dissociation and the thickness of the weak polyelectrolyte layer. Thereby the oil in water (o/w) emulsification ability of the particles can be enabled. We selected the weak polyacid poly(methacrylic acid sodium salt) and the weak polybase poly(allylamine hydrochloride) for ...

The linear discrepancy of a poset P is the least k such that there is a linear extension L of P such that if x and y are incomparable, then |hL(x)− hL(y)| ≤ k. Whereas the weak discrepancy is the least k such that there is a weak extension W of P such that if x and y are incomparable, then |hW (x)− hW (y)| ≤ k. This paper resolves a question of Tanenbaum, Trenk, and Fishburn on characterizing w...

The perfectly matched layer (PML) method is well-studied for acoustic scattering problems, electromagnetic scattering problems, and more recently, elastic scattering problems, with homogeneous background media. The purpose of this paper is to present the stability and exponential convergence of the PML method for three-dimensional electromagnetic scattering problem in a twolayer medium. The mai...

In the cation of the title salt, C(6)H(7)N(2)O(2) (+)·C(7)H(7)O(3)S(-), the benzene ring makes a dihedral angle of 10.2 (2)° with the nitro group. In the crystal, the cations and anions are linked by weak N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a layer parallel to the ac plane. A weak C-H⋯O inter-action and π-π inter-actions [centroid-centroid distances of 3.738 (3) and 3.748 (3) Å] also observed within ...

This paper proposes a neural network architecture and training scheme to learn the start and end time of sound events (strong labels) in an audio recording given just the list of sound events existing in the audio without time information (weak labels). We achieve this by using a stacked convolutional and recurrent neural network with two prediction layers in sequence one for the strong followe...