Glyphosate is a nonselective foliar-applied herbicide that has been used for over 20 years for the management of annual, perennial, and biennial herbaceous species of grasses, sedges, and broadleaf weeds, as well as woody brush and tree species (Bradshaw et al. 1997). Commercialization of engineered glyphosate resistance in several crop species has further expanded the in-crop use of the herbic...

Many ecosystems experience strong temporal variability in environmental conditions; yet, a clear picture of how niche and neutral processes operate to determine community assembly in temporally variable systems remains elusive. In this study, we constructed neutral metacommunity models to assess the relative importance of neutral processes in a spatially and temporally variable ecosystem. We an...

Contamination of annual ryegrass with perennial ryegrassby physical seed mixing or gene flow can result in a significant reduction in forage production.Therefore, this study aimed to develop a suitable technique using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for discriminating and quantifying adulteration of annual ryegrass seeds with perennial ryegrass. A partial least squares regression for discrimi...

Converting the native rangelands to simplified agronomic communities causessome changes in soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. Establishing of perennial plantcommunities on formerly cultivated rangelands is expected to stabilize soil properties andincrease the amount of C, N, P stored in rangeland soils, but there is little information on whatplant communities are the most effective for impro...

Two primary approaches to perennial biofuel crop production studied so far are fertilized grass monocultures and low-input high-diversity grasslands. While high-yielding perennial grass varieties are being developed in fertilized monocultures, breeding for yield in low-input high-diversity systems would be difficult. Before initiating breeding for low-input systems, it is therefore important to...

Crithmum maritimum L. (Apiaceae) is a perennial local oilseed halophyte. For a better understanding of the eco-physiology of salt tolerance at the germinative stage of this species, we investigate here the effects of nitrate, thiourea, and priming on its seed germination under saline conditions. Germination was strongly inhibited by increasing salinity. While nitrate supply was effective in all...