De novo prediction of protein folding is an open scientific challenge. Many folding models and force fields have been developed, yet all face difficulties converging to native conformations. Hydrophobicity scales (HSs) play a crucial role in such simulations as they define the energetic interactions between protein residues, thus determining the energetically favorable conformation. While many ...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of Haishengsu (HSS), a protein extract from Tegillarca granosa, on multidrug-resistance genes mdr1, BCR/ABL and sorcin in transplanted tumors. MATERIAL/METHODS Mice were inoculated subcutaneously with a drug resistant leukemia cell line K562/ADM. Tumor-bearing animals were divided into control, adriamycin, HSS and combination therapy (adriamycin plus HSS) groups...

Humic substances (HSs) are ubiquitous in various aquatic systems and play important roles in many geochemical processes. There is increasing evidence of the presence of HSs in deep groundwater; nevertheless, their ion binding properties are largely unknown. In this study we investigated the physicochemical and ion-binding properties of humic and fulvic acids extracted from deep sedimentary grou...

While Src plays crucial roles in shear stress-induced cellular processes, little is known on the spatiotemporal pattern of high shear stress (HSS)-induced Src activation. HSS (65 dyn/cm(2)) was applied on bovine aortic endothelial cells to visualize the dynamic Src activation at subcellular levels utilizing a membrane-targeted Src biosensor (Kras-Src) based on fluorescence resonance energy tran...

The study aimed at evaluating the humic substances (HSs) content from municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) bottom ash and its variation with time and the effect of temperature on HSs formation. The process suggested by IHSS was applied to extract HSs from two different bottom ash samples, and the extracted efficiency with NaOH and Na4P2O7 was compared. MSWI bottom ash samples were incubated...

Hollow silica spheres (HSS) with special interior spaces, high specific surface area and excellent adsorption and permeability performance were synthesized via micelle-template method using cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) micelles as soft template and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as silica precursor. SEM, TEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS and BET-BJH were carried out to characterize the morphology and s...

In this paper, we investigate the numerical error propagation and provide systematic backward stability analysis for some hierarchical rank structured matrix algorithms. We prove the backward stability of various important hierarchically semiseparable (HSS) methods, such as HSS matrix-vector multiplications, HSS ULV linear system solutions, HSS linear least squares solutions, HSS inversions, an...

Species of several unrelated families within the angiosperms are able to constitutively produce pyrrolizidine alkaloids as a defense against herbivores. In pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) biosynthesis, homospermidine synthase (HSS) catalyzes the first specific step. HSS was recruited during angiosperm evolution from deoxyhypusine synthase (DHS), an enzyme involved in the posttranslational activatio...