[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164201.].

BACKGROUND Indonesia has insufficient resources to adequately respond to the HIV/AIDS epidemic, and thus faces a great challenge in prioritizing interventions. In many countries, such priority setting processes are typically ad hoc and not transparent leading to unfair decisions. Here, we evaluated the priority setting process in HIV/AIDS control in West Java province against the four condition...

Background The accountability for reasonableness (A4R) framework defines 4 conditions for legitimate healthcare coverage decision processes: Relevance, Publicity, Appeals, and Enforcement. The aim of this study was to reflect on how the diverse features of decision-making processes can be aligned with A4R conditions to guide decisio...

1The influence of the Greek heritage (Hellenism) on human civilization is both indelible and undeniable. One major component of this heritage is the systematic employment of the mind in the pursuit of knowledge, both theoretical and practical –sometimes described as the “rational” or “rationalist” (as opposed to “mythical”) approach of trying to understand the world and to dealing with it. By t...

The necessity calculus is a familiar adjuvant to the possibility calculus and an uncertain inference tool in its own right. Necessity orderings enjoy a syntactical relationship to some probability orderings similar to that displayed by possibility. In its adjuvant role, necessity may be viewed as bringing possibility closer to achieving the quasi-additive normative desideratum advocated by de F...

A conversation has been going on for over 200 years that is not concluded (nor will this paper conclude it). Is it normatively appropriate to impose a condition of independence of irrelevant alternatives on choice or ordering rules? This paper reviews the conversation since it began in 1784. It sides with Arrow against Saari. The transparency of the Borda rule is simultaneously its theoretical ...

It is not uncommon for people to hold bizarre views. Sometimes, these views appear before the courts in mental capacity cases. Judges must then decide if are so that they constitute evidence of incapacity or, instead, those everyday sort do such evidence. The idea behind distinction can be false but, some important sense, unreasonable. But what should tip balance reasons a view count as severel...