the topical delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) such as ibuprofen has been explored as a potential method of avoiding the first pass effects and the gastric irritation, which may occur when used orally. ibuprofen is formulated into many topical preparations to reduce the adverse effects and simultaneously avoid the hepatic first-pass metabolism as well. however, it is dif...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a combination of dronedarone and ranolazine in suppression of atrial fibrillation (AF). BACKGROUND Safe and effective pharmacological management of AF remains one of the greatest unmet medical needs. METHODS The electrophysiological effects of dronedarone (10 μmol/l) and a relatively low concentration of ranolazine (5 μmo...

Temporary paralysis is a rare manifestation of envenoming following the yellow Iranian scorpion, Odontobuthus doriae (O. doriae). Thus, to elucidate the underlying mechanism, we investigated the neurotoxic effect of venom in the sciatic nerve, the possible mechanism in a mice model. The neurotoxicity and temperature effects in the venom-induced neurotoxicity were examined using the mouse sciati...

Temporary paralysis is a rare manifestation of envenoming following the yellow Iranian scorpion, Odontobuthus doriae (O. doriae). Thus, to elucidate the underlying mechanism, we investigated the neurotoxic effect of venom in the sciatic nerve, the possible mechanism in a mice model. The neurotoxicity and temperature effects in the venom-induced neurotoxicity were examined using the mouse sciati...

Data presented in this study indicate that there is considerable variability in spike recoveries between three different kinetic LAL methods as used for the testing of a variety of parenteral products. However, successful spike recoveries were observed for each of the thirteen products under test on at least one of the three kinetic methods used, suggesting that problems caused by spike recover...

The action of ketamine upon spontaneously active and electrically driven Purkinje fibres of the moderator band of the pig heart has been studied using a floating microelectrode technique. Ketamine hydrochloride altered the transmembrane potential in a dose-related and reversible manner. Concentrations of 1X 10M were subthreshold whereas 5 X 10'M and 1X 10~M slowed the frequency and increased th...