Many microorganisms gain access to the systemic circulation after entering the respiratory tract. The precise pathways used to cross the mucosal barriers of the lungs have not been clearly described. We have used the mammalian reoviruses in order to determine the pathway that a systemic virus uses to penetrate the mucosal barrier and enter the systemic circulation after entering the airways of ...

In order to obtain possible veinotonic drugs acting through alpha2 receptor activation, we prepared clonidine analogues in which the 2-imino-imidazolidine was attached to various aliphatic or aromatic heterocycles. Among them, the two benzopyranic derivatives 16 and 22 exhibited interesting affinities (19 and 95 nM respectively on [3H]rauwolscine binding, compared to 35 nM for clonidine). Their...

In both technologies, the treatment is based on applying optical energy to the skin surface. The light should penetrate the skin to a depth of a few millimeters, where the energy is selectively absorbed by the target. One of the main limitations facing these technologies is the fact that the light has to penetrate through the epidermis before it can reach the depth necessary to cause the desire...

Foreign bodies are a rare cause of appendicitis, because in most cases these ingested foreign cross the digestive tract asymptomatically [1] [2] [3]. However, some penetrate lumen appendix causing its inflammation. We report an unusual observation acute appendicitis induced by body namely bone fragment visceral surgery department Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Villeneuve Saint-Georges.