Several gene expression experiments on autism spectrum disorders have been conducted using both blood and brain tissue. Individually, these studies have advanced our understanding of the molecular systems involved in the molecular pathology of autism and have formed the bases of ongoing work to build autism biomarkers. In this study, we conducted an integrated systems biology analysis of 9 inde...

BACKGROUND The causes of autism likely involve genetic and environmental factors that influence neurobiological changes and the neurological and behavioral features of the disorder. Immune factors and inflammation are hypothesized pathogenic influences, but have not been examined longitudinally. METHODS In a cohort of 104 participants with autism, we performed an assessment of immune mediator...

Children with autism often have increased verbal communication difficulties in noisy environments. Although these difficulties have been attributed to impaired attention abilities, recent studies suggest a possible perceptual basis. However, previous efforts to evaluate speech perception abilities, even in relativelv high functioning autism, have been impeded by methodological limitations arisi...

Executive function and play skills develop in early childhood and are linked to cognitive and language ability. The present study examined these abilities longitudinally in two groups with autism spectrum disorder-a group with higher initial language (n = 30) and a group with lower initial language ability (n = 36). Among the lower language group, concurrent nonverbal cognitive ability contribu...

Most research into the epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of autism is based on studies in high income countries. Moreover, within high income countries, individuals of high socioeconomic status are disproportionately represented among participants in autism research. Corresponding disparities in access to autism screening, diagnosis, and treatment exist gl...

STUDY BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia and autism are both neurodevelopmental disorders that were once considered to be the same disorder expressed in different developmental periods. Although they were separated diagnostically about 40 years ago, they share several clinical and possibly, etiological features. This paper reviews overlaps in four domains of function to consider the issue of whether the...

BACKGROUND Migration has been implicated as a risk factor for autism, but evidence is limited and inconsistent. AIMS To investigate the relationship between parental migration status and risk of autism spectrum disorder, taking into consideration the importance of region of origin, timing of migration and possible discrepancies in associations between autism subtypes. METHOD Record-linkage ...

autism is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder that characterized by abnormal bilateral social interaction, deficiency in verbal and nonverbal communication, restricted interests and repetitive behaviors .autism caused by the inappropriate immune response which released several cytokines. one of the most important and main causes of autism is a defect in, the formation of the neuronal synaptic ...

Background and Objective: The present study investigated executive functions in students with high functioning autism (HFA) and students with educable Down syndrome (DS) with normal healthy students.     Methods: Fifteen boy students with HFA, 15 boy students with educable intellectual disability and 15 normal healthy boy students (aged between¬ 7-15 years) were recruited from educational se...