tehran shomal highway passes through alborz mountains with a tunnel length of 6400 meters. there are two main tunnels. a full three-dimensional (3d) numerical analysis coupled with elasto-plastic material models was conducted on the inclined access tunnel. bending moment, axial force and the lining displacements due to the internal forces applied on the shotcrete lining are calculated. axial fo...

Linear dynamic response of simply supported nanobeams subjected to a variable axial force is assessed by Galerkin numerical approach. Constitutive behavior is described by three functional forms of elastic energy densities enclosing nonlocal and strain gradient effects and their combination. Linear stationary dynamics of nanobeams is modulated by an axial force which controls the global stiffne...

A highly deformable rod, modelled as the extensible elastica, is connected to a movable clamp at one end and pin sliding along frictionless curved profile other. Bifurcation analysis shows that axial compliance provides stabilizing effect in compression, but unstabilizing tension. Moreover, with varying constraint's curvature origin vs bending rod's stiffness, addition possible buckling tension...

in this paper, free vibration of an Euler-Bernoulli beam with variable cross-section resting on elastic foundation and under axial tensile force is considered. Beam’s constant height and exponentially varying width yields variable cross-section. The problem is handled for three different boundary conditions: clamped-clamped, simply supported-simply supported and clamp-free beams. First, the equ...

This paper is concerned with analysis for the strengthening effect of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) on steel columns under cyclic lateral loading in thermal environment. Based on the finite element theory of thermo-elastic problem and steel structure stability theory, the hysteretic behavior of axial compression steel columns was studied by using Ansys software. The main variables inve...

STUDY DESIGN For this study, 43 asymptomatic individuals underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine in both supine psoas-relaxed position and supine axial compression in extension. The change in dural cross-sectional area between positions at each disc level was calculated. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of axial loading on asymptomatic individuals, as compared with the effec...

this paper investigates axial compression process of multi-layered tubes with circular cross-section under the axial loading in the quasi-static condition using experimental method. some specimens are prepared in seven different groups, namely; empty carbon/epoxy composite tubes, solid carbon/epoxy composite rods, empty copper tubes, composite tubes with silicon sealant filler, concentrically s...

Cold compaction is an essential step of the powder metallurgy process, which cost-effective in manufacturing industry. In present study, pure iron investigated. A MATLAB code developed to create a representative volume element with given size distribution, number particles, and initial relative density. The finite analysis performed by implementing ABAQUS/Explicit python script. Multi-particle ...

in this research, using the modified compression field theory (mcft), a new truss based model is proposed to predict the behavior of reinforced concrete coupling beams with diagonal reinforcement. the model is able to consider the effects of shear and axial forces and bending moment, simultaneously. the proposed model includes a nonlinear shear spring, an axial spring, two inclined truss member...