We study equilibrium in a multistage race in which players compete in a sequence of simultaneous move component contests. Players may win a prize for winning each component contest, as well as a prize for winning the overall race. Each component contest is an all-pay auction with complete information. We characterize the unique subgame perfect equilibrium analytically and demonstrate that it ex...

‘Clinton attacks Europe for moving too slowly over GM safety’ said The Independent on 24 July. ‘Blair stands by Clinton in defence of GM food’ said The Daily Telegraph. Marking the end of the G8 summit in Okinawa, these and other headlines were not necessarily contradictory. They were certainly very varied. Do they, perhaps, reflect a shift towards less strident certainty than that which has ch...

Showing termination of the Battle of Hercules and Hydra is a challenge. We present the battle both as a rewrite system and as an arithmetic while program, provide proofs of their termination, and recall why their termination cannot be proved within Peano arithmetic. As a second labour he ordered him to kill the Lernaean hydra. That creature, bred in the swamp of Lerna, used to go forth into the...

Microsoft founder, Bill Gates, pledged more than $160 million from his charitable foundation to help develop vaccines for malaria as part of a package of funds totalling $3 billion revealed at a meeting at the UN to assess progress in the Millennium Development Goals to halve global poverty by 2015. Gates said that his funds would be for the PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative (MVI), in conjunction...

Background: Docetaxel is the standard first-line agent for the treatment of androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC). The combination of docetaxel with molecularly targeted therapies may offer the potential to increase the efficacy and decrease the toxicity of cytotoxic chemotherapy for prostate cancer. Previous studies demonstrate activation of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EG...

Iceland is heading for a fight with the European Union by flouting mackerel quotas.

The moment of revelation-maybe even of truthcame at 8 51 on a Tuesday morning in the vast auditorium of the Georgia World Congress Centre in Atlanta. It was the second day of the 40th annual scientific session of the American College ofCardiology and Peter Sleight, professor of cardiovascular medicine at the University of Oxford, with his colleagues Rory Collins and Richard Peto, was reporting ...

A concern of the organizers of the workshop on ‘Games, Action and Social Software’ is that although everyone is keen to use logic for the analysis of key concepts in this area, it is not so clear which logic or which tools from logic to use for investigating games, actions and social software. For this reason, they have organized a discussion session on the theme “Battle of the Logics: Temporal...

Turkish biologists have much to be worried about: the drift to Islamism is creeping ahead in the perception of many academics so the enthusiastic welcome for an American evolutionary biologist earlier this year provided a welcome fillip for university staff. Turkey represents a unique state: formed from the remnants of the centuries-old Ottoman empire in 1923, it was headed by Mustafa Kemal Ata...

Females and males often exhibit conspicuous morphological, physiological and behavioral differences. Similarly, gene expression profiles indicate that a large portion of the genome is sex-differentially deployed, particularly in the germ line. Because males and females are so fundamentally different, each sex is likely to have a different optimal gene expression profile that is never fully achi...