The existence and consistency of individual behavioral types in response to challenging situations is of increasing interest in behavioral biology. In our study on European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), we (1) investigated correlations between social behavior during early development and responses to experimental stressors during later life, and (2) tested for consistencies in these response...

background: as adolescent tobacco smoking has become a widespread problem in developing countries, it is time to understand the cognitive determinants of adolescents' decisions to engage in tobacco smoking. this study aimed to investigate the predicting factors associated with tobacco smoking among male adolescents based on prototype willingness model (pwm) as a theoretical framework. methods :...

the main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of different combinations of music and rhythmic movements on behavioral problems of children with mild mental retardation. a total of 40 children with mild mental retardation were randomly divided into 4 variations of practice including: rhythmic movement with major scale music, rhythmic movement with minor scale music, rhythmi...

Background & aim: The prevalence of gestational diabetes during pregnancy is one of the major maternal and fetal complications. Self-care behavior could be an effective method to control gestational diabetes induced by pregnancy. The theory of planned behavior (TPB) is one of the popular conceptual frameworks for the study of human action and the prediction and understanding of particular behav...

social phobia is one of the anxiety disorders. the people wit h social phobia fear social situations and they are afraid to meet and talk with others and try avoid social situations .social phobia influence on academic and occupational function. many researches have confirmed the effect of family therapy based on cognigive-behavioral approach on social phobia. the main purpose of the present re...

Previous measurements of retinal ganglion cell acuity in hooded rats have differed significantly from behavioral tests of visual acuity. One possible source of this discrepancy is examined--that light deprivation in early life may result in deficits in ganglion cell acuity. No evidence to support this hypothesis is found. Rat retinal ganglion cells exhibited a broad range of acuities. Cells wit...

background and purpose: progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain is the main mechanism of parkinson’s disease (pd). although potassium channels affect neural activity and death in this area, little research has investigated the effect of potassium channel blockers, such as 4-aminopyridine in the pretreatment of pd. methods: fifty-six healthy male wistar rats were selecte...

  Background: Adolescence is a sensitive period of acquiring normal and abnormal habits for all of life. The study investigates determinants of responsibility for health, spiritual health and interpersonal relations and predictive factors based on the theory of planned behavior in high school girl students in Tabriz.   Methods : In this Cross-sectional study, 340 students were selected thorough...

introduction: in past decades, psychologists have emphasized the effects that family, cultural and social factors (specially, cognitive-behavioral approach and life skills) may have on mental health and on the treatment of mental disorders. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of confrontation cognitive-behavioral skills through group training on reducing anxiety and enhancing a...

Aging is a non-modifiable risk factor for stroke. Since not all strokes can be prevented, a major emerging area of research is the development of effective strategies to enhance functional recovery after stroke. However, in the vast majority of pre-clinical stroke studies, the behavioral tests used to assess functional recovery have only been validated for use in young animals, or are designed ...