This paper examines how economic fragmentation (widening inequality of skills, income and education) gives rise to social (via incompatible identities), generating political policies). We consider three value-driven identities: individualism, focused on status concerns, communitarianism, affiliations, multi-affiliatedness, encompassing both objectives. Under endogenous identity formation high-s...

Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is a common phenomenon and is a central topic in evolutionary biology. Recently, the importance of pursuing an ontogenetic perspective of SSD has been emphasized, to elucidate the proximate physiological mechanisms leading to its evolution. However, such research has seldom focused on the critical periods when males and females diverge. Using mark-recapture data, we...

Growth and reproductive attributes were determined for Capoeta damascina, an endemic fish species from west of Iran. A total of 147 specimens of both sexes were sampled monthly from November 2008 to October 2009. The overall sex ratio was female biased. Males were aged 0-4 years and females 0-5 years. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters were estimated as Linf=34.81 cm, k=0.27 year-1, t0=-0.65...

A fast-growing literature shows that technological change is biased towards routine tasks, changing the structures of employment and wages in developed economies. This paper first to estimate absolute rather than relative effects routine-biased (RBTC) for Europe as a whole at level 238 European regions. We develop task model regional labor demand tradable non-tradable industries, building on Go...

Empirical evidence suggests that the differences in rates of technical progress across sectors are time-variant, implying that the bias in technological change is not constant. In this paper, we analyze the implications of this nonconstant sectoral biased technical change for structural change and we assess whether this is an important factor behind structural transformations. To this end, we d...

This paper provides a quantitative analysis of the growth in the service share in the U.S.. We model households who make decisions on home and market production on services that vary in their skill intensity at any point in time and vary in their optimal scale over time, and we allow for skilland sector-biased technology progress. The model fully accounts for the rise in the service share, with...

Defensive traits may evolve differently between sexes in dioecious plant species. Our current understanding of this process hinges on a partial view of the evolution of resistance traits that may result in male-biased herbivory in dioecious populations. Here, we present a critical summary of the current state of the knowledge of herbivory in dioecious species and propose alternative evolutionar...

In the linear regression models with AR (1) error structure when collinearity exists, stochastic linear restrictions or modifications of biased estimators (including Liu estimators) can be used to reduce the estimated variance of the regression coefficients estimates. In this paper, the combination of the biased Liu estimator and stochastic linear restrictions estimator is considered to overcom...