according to the definition by the national institutes of health of usa, a biological marker (biomarker) is a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated, as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes or pharmacological responses, to a therapeutic agent. several studies have reported that a decreased regulating gene expression of biotinidase (btd) is associa...

Agent-based models (ABMs) are capable of constructing individual system components at different levels of representation to describe non-linear relationships between those components. Compared to a traditional mathematical modeling approach, agent-based models have an inherent spatial component with which they can easily describe local interactions and environmental heterogeneity. Furthermore, ...

The current interest in risks associated with classical biological control led us to review the literature to determine whether the introduction of multiple biological control agents has been more effective than the introduction of a single control agent. We analyzed 59 projects against weeds and 108 projects against insect pests. Establishment of control agents was significantly higher in sing...

The potential threat of biological warfare with a specific agent is proportional to the susceptibility of the population to that agent. Preventing disease after exposure to a biological agent is partially a function of the immunity of the exposed individual. The only available countermeasure that can provide immediate immunity against a biological agent is passive antibody. Unlike vaccines, whi...

Introduction: A noninvasive method of detecting exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) on the external surface of the plasma membrane such as nuclear imaging could assist the diagnosis and therapy of apoptosis related pathologies. The most studied imaging agent for apoptosis is Annexin V so far. Because of limitations of Annexin V other agents have been introduced such as small peptides and molecu...

The way we experience the space around us is highly subjective. It has been shown that motion potentialities that are intrinsic to our body influence our space categorization. Furthermore, we have recently demonstrated that in the extrapersonal space, our categorization also depends on the movement potential of other agents. When we have to categorize the space as "Near" or "Far" between a refe...

background and objectives: helicobacter pylori is the causative agent of peptic ulcer disease and a co-factor in development of gastric malignancies. lps are among toxic substances produced by h. pylori exhibiting low endotoxic activity compared to typical bacterial lps. the aim of this study was to investigate bioactivity of lps produced by different serotypes of helicobacter pylori compared t...

Recombinant plasminogen activator (reteplase) is a third generation thrombolytic agent which has been used on coronary artery thrombosis and acute myocardial infarction. Clot lysis assay is usually considered as a unique method to evaluate biological activity of reteplase. In this study biological activity of reteplase was determined by APTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) lysis method....

Biological agents pose a serious threat to human health, economic development, social stability and even national security. The classification of biological agents is a basic requirement for both biosafety and biodefense. We compared and analyzed the Biological Agent Laboratory Biosafety Category list and the defining criteria according to the World Health Organization (WHO), the National Insti...

Introduction: Various bone palliative therapeutic agents have been developed and widely used for bone metastasis such as 153Sm-EDTMP. In this study, production, quality control and biodistribution studies of a newly developed therapeutic compound have been presented followed by imaging studies in wild-type rodents. Methods: 153Sm-TTHMP was prepared starting from 153<...