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In 1880, Charles Laveran first visualized the protozoan parasite that causes malaria in a smear of blood under a microscope, and from the early decades of the 20th century to date, microscopy has been the mainstay of malaria detection. In laboratories throughout the world, routine diagnosis is carried out by microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained blood films for the intraerythrocytic asexual...

Diagnosis of malaria at the early stage of infection is challenging due to the difficulty in detecting low abundance parasites from blood. Molecular methods such as real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) can be especially useful for detecting low parasitemia levels due to their high sensitivity and their ability to recognize different malarial species and strains. Unfortunately, the accurac...

Tsetse flies are the sole vectors of Trypanosoma brucei parasites that cause sleeping sickness. Our knowledge on the early interface between the infective metacyclic forms and the mammalian host skin is currently highly limited. Glossina morsitans flies infected with fluorescently tagged T. brucei parasites were used in this study to initiate natural infections in mice. Metacyclic trypanosomes ...

This paper investigates the possibility of rapid and accurate automated diagnosis of red blood cell disorders and describes a method to detect and classify malarial parasites in blood sample images acquired from light microscopes. As malaria is an infectious disease which is mainly diagnosed by visual microscopical evaluation of Giemsa stained blood smears. As it poses a serious global health p...

Rhomboid-like proteases cleave membrane-anchored proteins within their transmembrane domains. In apicomplexan parasites substrates include molecules that function in parasite motility and host cell invasion. While two Plasmodium rhomboids, ROM1 and ROM4, have been examined, the roles of the remaining six rhomboids during the malaria parasite's life cycle are unknown. We present systematic gene ...

African trypanosomes are responsible for significant levels of disease in both humans and animals. The protozoan parasites are free-living flagellates, usually transmitted by arthropod vectors, including the tsetse fly. In the mammalian host they live in the bloodstream and, in the case of human-infectious species, later invade the central nervous system. Diagnosis of the disease requires the p...

The argulids are an economically important group of crustacean ectoparasites known to be problematic in fish farming operations from both temperate and tropical regions. Argulus japonicus was first described from Japanese fish but is now well established in many parts of the world including Europe. To aid the development of effective chemotheraputants and/or vaccines against these parasites it ...

Molecular methods were used to identify blood parasites frequently observed in blood smears of water pythons (Liasis fuscus) captured in our study area in the Northern Territory of Australia. A nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers amplifying the 18s ribosomal RNA (rRNA) nuclear gene resulted in a short PCR product (180 bp) matching this region in the genus Hepatozoon. However, b...

Background While malaria transmission in Africa still happens primarily inside houses, there is a substantial proportion of Anopheles mosquitoes that bite or rest outdoors. This situation may compromise the performance indoor insecticidal interventions such as insecticide-treated nets (ITNs). study investigated distribution biting resting outside dwellings three low-altitude villages south-east...