" I know pornography when I see it, " wrote Supreme Court Justice Potter Stewart [1]. The immediate clinical diagnosis of bot-ulism and the key therapeutic decision in its management—administration of bot-ulinum antitoxin—depend on a similar logic. That is, one has to know, or at least suspect, botulism at first sight to treat it properly. Laboratory confirmation by the mouse bioassay, the stan...

Data were obtained for the 96 hospitalized cases of infant botulism reported to the Centers for Disease Control between 1976-1980 from all states other than California. Forty-one cases were associated with Clostridium botulinum type A, 53 with type B, one with type F, and one with a strain of C. botulinum capable of producing both type B and F toxin. Cases occurred in 25 states; the disease was...

Botulism is the acute, flaccid paralysis caused by a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum. In the infant, clinical symptoms are usually unspecific such as poor feeding, weak suck, feeble cry, drooling, followed by a symmetric, descending, flaccid paralysis beginning with the cranial nerve musculature. The initial symptoms of the disease are often similar to several diseases and therefor...

Background  Though botulism is a rare disease overall, all infants younger than 1 year of age are at risk of contracting infant botulism, the most prevalent form reported in the United States. Nonetheless, infant botulism is frequently omitted from the differential diagnosis of the very young neonate exclusively due to age, and the diagnosis is often only considered secondarily after a costly a...

B is a deadly disease caused by the toxins produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. The botulinum toxin is a potent neurotoxin that impairs nerve function, including those of the diaphragm, leading to paralysis. When the nerves to the diaphragm are paralyzed, the affected animal stops breathing and will die as a result. C. botulinum is an anaerobic (lives without oxygen), gram-positive,...

objective botulism is the acute, descending, flaccid paralysis that results when the neurotoxin of clostridium botulinum blocks neuromuscular transmission. c botulinum toxin is the most poisonous substance that blocks neuromuscular transmission and causes death through airway and respiratory muscle paralysis; all forms of botulism manifest neurologically as asymmetric, descending, flaccid paral...

Botulism is a serious paralytic disease caused by Clostridium botulinum toxin in foods. There are seven recognized serotypes of botulinum neurotoxins among which the principal prevalent types in humans include A, B and E. Infant botulism results from intestinal colonization and toxin production by C. botulinum spores in babies less than 1 year old. Honey is the most important food discriminated...

• Food-borne botulism is caused by the ingestion of toxin produced by organisms in an anaerobic environment. It usually results from inadequately sterilised domestically canned or bottled foods. • Intestinal botulism is caused by the production in the gut of toxin by organisms which have been ingested and have proliferated. This form predominantly affects infants under a year old, often associa...

Abstract Background Botulism is a rare but fatal illness often caused by consumption of foods containing Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins. We investigated an outbreak among people having attended family dinner in Kushkiya village, Tajikistan December 2021. Methods interviewed participants using structured questionnaire to collect clinical, demographic, and prior 48-hour food histories. abstrac...