A value-passing calculus is a process calculus in which the contents of communications are values chosen from some data domain, and the propositions appearing in the conditionals are formulas constructed from a logic. Previous studies treat the domain models, as well as the logic theories, as unspecified oracles. The open-ended approach leaves open some fundamental issues unanswered. The paper ...

Complete removal of calculus is a primary part of achieving a "biologically acceptable" tooth surface in the treatment of periodontitis. Rabbani et al. reported that a single episode of scaling did not completely remove subgingival calculus and that the deeper the periodontal pocket, the less complete the calculus removal. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of sc...

Calculus consists of mineralised dental biofilm on the surfaces of teeth and dental prosthesis, the location of which can be detected by using a periodontal or an electronic probe. Detection of subgingival calculus is critical for successful treatment outcome in the management of periodontal patients. The aim of this study was to detect subgingival calculus using manual and electronic probe and...

Lambek calculus is a logical foundation of categorial grammar, a linguistic paradigm of grammar as logic and parsing as deduction. Pentus (2010) gave a polynomial-time algorithm for determining provability of bounded depth formulas in L∗, the Lambek calculus with empty antecedents allowed. Pentus’ algorithm is based on tabularisation of proof nets. Lambek calculus with brackets is a conservativ...

This paper extends a calculus for rst-order logic that combines the inference mechanism of hyperresolution with the more informative structure of analytic tableaux and that has been introduced as hyper tableaux by Baumgartner et al. (1996). This clausal tableau calculus is proof connuent, but suuers from the need of partial ground instantia-tions. I will develop an improvement of hyper tableaux...

Calculi in the urethra are an uncommon entity. Giant calculi in prostatic urethra are extremely rare. The decision about treatment strategy of calculi depends upon the size, shape, and position of the calculus and the status of the urethra. If the stone is large and immovable, it may be extracted via the perineal or the suprapubic approach. In most of the previous reported cases, giant calculi ...

We describe a case of minimally invasive endoscopic technique used in the treatment of a large calculus in the intestinal neobladder. The patient had the intestinal bladder created by means of the Vesica Ileale Padovana (VIP) method because of an invasive urothelial carcinoma. The use of the pneumatic lithotripter, inserted through the urethra into the intestinal neobladder, enabled crushing of...