Executive Summary While research on school finance equity has traditionally focused on disparities across school districts, recent years have witnessed increased attention to resource differences across individual schools, particularly within large school districts. With a majority of the existing evidence on intra-district equity coming from the nations largest districts, little is known about...

the rapid rate of population growth in developing countries leads to imbalances development in various urban levels. the trend of urban sustainability is declined due to these imbalances. this declination increases concerns of urban planners to improve the sustainability of urban environments. being aware of sustainability level of urban intervention areas before doing any action is inevitable....

Endemicity mapping is required to determining whether a district requires mass drug administration (MDA). Current guidelines for mapping LF require that two sites be selected per district and within each site a convenience sample of 100 adults be tested for antigenemia or microfilaremia. One or more confirmed positive tests in either site is interpreted as an indicator of potential transmission...

BACKGROUND Despite achievement of universal health coverage in Thailand, socioeconomic inequality in health has been a major policy concern. This study examined mortality patterns across different socioeconomic strata in Thailand. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the 2010 Population and Housing Census on area-level socioeconomic deprivation against the 2010 mortality from th...

OBJECTIVE The aim was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with dental caries among adults and children in seven districts of Uganda. METHODS Participants aged 11-13 (n=1230) and 35-44 years (n=648) were randomly selected from urban and rural areas of Gulu, Soroti, Jinja, Masaka, Kabale, Kabarole and Hoima districts. They were examined by 4 trained and calibrated dentists for de...

A total of 1,256 populations of Meloidogyne incognita and 442 populations of M. arenaria were collected from vegetables in eight districts of Uttar Pradesh, India. Host differentials were used to identify the host race of each population. All four host races of M. incognita were present in six of the eight districts. In the other two districts, only host races 1, 2, and 4 were found. Although f...

609 samples of drinking water collected from scattered sources from the eight districts of Kandy, Matale, Kalutara, Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa, Colombo,. Puttalam and Gampaha were analysed for iodide content using the Orion electrode method. The median iodide content of all districts except Gampaha were above 10 u g / 1 , with Anuradhapura showing the highest content. Districts with low prevalen...

Background: Health is an essential component of human rights and the rights are interdependent, indivisible, and correlated. The present study aimed at codifying a multidimensional health index according to multistage index development and describing the status of this index in 22 municipal districts of Tehran.   Methods: This study was conducted using the data collected in the second r...