Iontophoresis is one of the skin permeation enhancement methods involving the transport of drugs through the skin under the effect of electrical current. The effect of molecular charge on the iontophoretic permeation of drugs has not been completely understood yet. Therefore the effect of passive and iontophoretic permeation of L-phenylalanine at pH 3.6 (positive charge) and pH 8 (negative ch...

limn2o4 spinel cathode materials have been successfully synthesized by solid-state reaction. surface of these particles were modified by nanostructured lifepo4 via sol gel dip coating method. synthesized products were characterized by thermally analyzed by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis(tg/dta), x-ray diffraction (xrd), scanning electron microscopy (sem), and energy dispers...

phospholipids are important for the biological lipid and are commonly used in biophysical studies.a quantumcalculation for two phospholipids dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine and dipalmitoylphosphatidic acidwere performed using the abinitio software. geometry optimization structures were obtained at rhf level using3-21g, 6-31g*. these basis sets were used to understanding the effects of envir...

Accurate lifetime prediction of lithium-ion batteries is a great challenge for the researchers and engineers involved in battery applications in electric vehicles and satellites.  In this study, a semi-empirical model is introduced to predict the capacity loss of lithium-ion batteries as a function of charge and discharge cycles, operational time, and temperature. The model parameters are obtai...

Based on the {S+, I-} pathway, the concentration of surfactant and surface charge density of silanolate groups control the phase transition from lamellar, to hexagonal through cubic form. The high surface charge density of silanolate groups was observed for the lamellar phase. With decrease of molar concentration of surfactant on the gel, the yield of...