Numerous experimental and theoretical studies indicate that the single-scattering properties of nonspherical ice cloud particles can differ substantially from those of surfaceor volume-equivalent spheres (e.g., Volkovitskiy et al. 1984; Takano and Liou 1989). These differences affect the relationship between ice cloud microphysical properties and cloud radiative properties and, consequently, th...

today climate change is one of the most important human concerns this fact affected human life in different ways .  one of the most important impacts of climate change is on crops yield so that change in temperature  regime  particularly maximum and minimum  temperatures  is noticeably change plants production . in this research , is considered to  impact of climate change on water requirement ...

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combating desertification which is a serious threat for the environment and human welfare requires understanding complex issues of this phenomenon using evaluation, awareness of severity of it's processes and determination of it's factors. so here, after recognizing the characteristics of the region showing existence desertification, we assess its current status with emphasis on clima...

Recently, global warming problems with rapid population growth and socio-economic development have intensified the demand for water and increased tensions on water supplies. This research evolves the Multi-Objective Coronavirus Optimization Algorithm (MOCVOA) to obtain operational optimum rules of Voshmgir Dam reservoir under the climate change conditions. The climatic variables downscaled and ...