background : one of the essential components of learning and educational program is evaluation or examination. there are various methods for evaluating clinical skills among which objective structured clinical examination (osce) has been recognized as the most reliable method for evaluation of the clinical skills. methods : this was a one-step single-group descriptive study which was conducted ...

Extant research has typically relied on the use of political knowledge items or interviewer evaluations to measure the political sophistication of survey respondents. In this paper, I further develop Luskin’s approach to measuring sophistication using knowledge items, items based on recognition and understanding of ideological terms, and items based on correct candidate and party placements on ...

The printing press was a game-changing information technology. Risk assessment could be also. At present, risk assessments are commonly used as one-time decision aids: they provide justification for a particular decision, and afterwards usually sit on a shelf. However, when viewed as information technologies, their potential uses are much broader. Risk assessments: (1) are repositories of struc...

There is considerable need for accurate suicide risk assessment for clinical, screening, and research purposes. This study applied the tripartite affect-behavior-cognition theory, the suicidal barometer model, classical test theory, and item response theory (IRT), to develop a brief self-report measure of suicide risk that is theoretically-grounded, reliable and valid. An initial survey (n = 35...

To measure the prevalence of allergic rhinitis among European adults and the proportion of undiagnosed subjects, a two-step, cross-sectional, population-based survey in Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the UK was undertaken. Step one of the study involved screening for allergic rhinitis by telephone interview, based on history of symptoms and/or self-awareness of the condition. Step ...

In this paper, data from an on-site survey in Seoul, Korea and the microscopic traffic simulation are used to evaluate the performances of Bus Rapid Transit bus stops operated on different placements to their nearest traffic signals: far-side, and near-side. The influence of Bus Priority Signal Systems is also analyzed. The results reveal that a near-side bus stop performs better under the curr...