A market made up of health care financing and delivery plans and individual consumers, without a carefully drawn set of rules to mitigate market failures, and without mediation by collective action on the demand side, cannot produce efficiency and equity. The concept of competition that can achieve these goals, at least to a satisfactory approximation, is managed competition, with intelligent a...

This article provides several contributions to the general understanding of governance in networks and the achievement of private and common goals. A simple, integrated framework for understanding why firms collaborate and under which conditions they establish durable networks that succeed in achieving goals is provided. Network theory is extended by exp...

The basic paradigm of learning has shifted significantly, from single agents that learn in single, static environments, to collective learning: multiple, interacting agents with diverse goals learning from each other across different local environments. Instances of collective learning abound in sensor networks, peer-to-peer systems, distributed recommender systems, and in social systems in gen...

OBJECTIVE To describe the process of integration and revision of a pediatric program curriculum which resulted in the creation of a competency-based framework recommended in the Brazilian National Curricular Guidelines. METHODS Quali-quantitative analysis of an intervention evaluating the students and professors' perception of the pediatric program curriculum (focus groups and semi-structured...

Product traceability is a tool for realising specific goals, such as improved food safety or logisitic optimisation. FoodPrint, a methodological design framework for traceability systems, systematically defines the traceability objectives, and derives design objectives from collective goals of all relevant actors in a chain. During system analysis and design, areas of attention are Process, Inf...

This paper addresses a key problem in the development of visual-analytical collaborative tools, how to design map-based displays to enable productive group work. We introduce a group communication theory, the Collective Information Sharing (CIS) bias, and discuss how it relates to communicative goals that need to be considered when designing collaborative, visually enabled, spatial-decision-sup...

Multiagent Systems (MAS) are a computational paradigm in which several semi-autonomous agents interact with each other, either to solve a problem or achieve a number of individual or collective goals. Moreover, the production planning is a key activity in performance of the industry, so it is evident the need for applications that provide support in the development of these activities, to achie...

Although research on team motivation has been one of the fastest growing research domains in organizational science, progress in this domain has been hampered by a lack of integrative reviews. Thus, we develop a theoretical framework in this article to summarize and discuss different conceptual approaches to team motivation for the following six content areas: team design, team needs, team goal...

Both bystanders and journalists can play important roles in mobilizing supporting social movements. However, there are few empirical studies examining contrasting their violent nonviolent collective-action motivations or perspectives on movement goals. This study presents a comparative analysis of to engage stand aside from unrest comparing ( n = 9) 7) against those protesters 35). Thematic qua...