The aim of this paper is to provide a Routley-Meyer semantics for Ackermann’s logics of “strenge Implikation” Π′ and Π′′. Besides the Disjunctive Syllogism, this semantics validates the rules Necessitation and Assertion. Strong completeness theorems for Π′ and Π′′ are proved. A brief discussion on Π′, Π′′ and paraconsistency is included.

B.K.Matilal, and earlier J.F.Staal, have suggested a reading of the ‘Nyāya five limb schema’ (also sometimes referred to as the Indian Schema or Hindu Syllogism) from Gotama’s Nyāya-Sūtra in terms of a binary occurrence relation. In this paper we provide a rational justification of a version of this reading as Analogical Reasoning within the framework of Polyadic Pure Inductive Logic.

In 1999 a great multi-site clinical trial known as the randomised Aldactone evaluation study (RALES) showed that the use of spironolactone importantly reduced complications attributable to chronic heart failure without major negative side effects. Recently, RALES has been questioned by a large scale observational study in the Ontario population. In contrast with predictions, the complications a...

In 1999 a great multi-site clinical trial known as the randomised Aldactone evaluation study (RALES) showed that the use of spironolactone importantly reduced complications attributable to chronic heart failure without major negative side effects. Recently, RALES has been questioned by a large scale observational study in the Ontario population. In contrast with predictions, the complications a...

In the presence of uncertainty, computation of the certainty factor of a hypothesis requires, in general, the availability of rules for combining evidence under chaining, dis-junction and conjunction. The method described in this paper is based on the use of what may be viewed as a generalization of syllogistic reasoning in classical logic-a generalization in which numerical or, more generally,...

Alongside theoretical logic, which systematises the proof schemata of theoretical truths, one can systematise the schemata of problem-solving, e.g. those of geometric construction problems. Then, corresponding to the principle of the syllogism, we find for example, the following principle: If we can reduce the solution of b to that of a, and reduce the solution of c to that of b, then we can al...

like other valuable consideration marriage contracts are permissible provided the acceptability of any particular problem, but the marriage contracts, and have initiated some work on it should be welcoming as it is. including conditions in the marriage if there is no sex.some respected researchers in the licensing documents such condition as not warrant deference to be, were considered. to prov...