The term probabilistic constrained programming means the same as chance constrained programming, i.e., optimization of a function subject to certain conditions where at least one is formulated so that a condition, involving random variables, should hold with a prescribed probability. The probability is usually not prescribed exactly but a lower bound is given instead which is in practice near u...

This paper deals with constrained optimization of Markov Decision Processes with a countable state space, compact action sets, continuous transition probabilities, and upper semi-continuous reward functions. The objective is to maximize the expected total discounted reward for one reward function, under several inequality constraints on similar criteria with other reward functions. Suppose a fe...

In this paper, a model of an optimal control problem with chance constraints is introduced. The parametersof the constraints are fuzzy, random or fuzzy random variables. Todefuzzify the constraints, we consider possibility levels.  Bychance-constrained programming the chance constraints are converted to crisp constraints which are neither fuzzy nor stochastic and then the resulting classical op...

A fractional minimal cost flow problem under linear type belief degree based uncertainty is studied for the first time. This type of uncertainty is useful when no historical information of an uncertain event is available. The problem is crisped using an uncertain chance-constrained programming approach and its non-linear objective function is linearized by a variable changing approach. An illus...

This study has been inspired by the paper "An efficient 3D topology optimization code written in MATLAB” written by Liu and Tovar (2014) demonstrating that SIMP-based three-dimensional (3D) topology optimization of continuum structures can be implemented in 169 lines of MATLAB code. Based on the above paper, we show here that, by simple and easy-to-understand modificati...

critical path method (cpm) is one of the most popular techniques used by construction practitioners for construction project scheduling since the 1950s. despite its popularity, cpm has a major shortcoming, as it is schedule based on two impractical acceptance that the project deadline is not bounded and that resources are unlimited. the analytical competency and computing capability of cpm thus...