An original equipment manufacturer (OEM) who adopts a new technology or component product may bring various externalities to other OEM buyers and incentivize them to make similar adoption decisions. Positive correlation of adoptions can be harmful for the seller and buyers, as it can lead to adoption rush or delay, which results in demand-supply mismatch and may undermine the seller’s ability t...

This paper considers a dynamic Stackelberg game model for manufacturer-led supply chain with risk aversion. Cooperative advertising strategy is applied to the marketing decisions of participants. Based on and system theory, complex dynamical behaviors are studied through use several methods, such as stability region system, bifurcation diagram, attractor largest Lyapunov exponent diagram. The e...

We model a real-world case problem as a price competition model between two leader-follower supply chains that each of them consists of one manufacturer and one retailer. T he manufacturer produces partially differentiated products and sells to market through his retailer. The retailer sells the products of manufacturer to market by adding some values to the product and gains margin as a fracti...

We study a supply chain in which a consumer goods manufacturer sells its product through a retailer. The retailer undertakes promotional expenditures, such as advertising, to increase sales and to compete against other retailer(s). The manufacturer supports the retailer’s promotional expenditure through a cooperative advertising program by reimbursing a portion (called the subsidy rate) of the ...

in this paper, the competition between two supply chains and their elements is studied. each chain consisted of a manufacturer and a distributor and the two chains compete in a market with single type of customer sensitive to price and delivery time. therefore, this is a two-supply chain game and during the competition between two supply chains, elements of each supply chain (manufacturer and/o...

In a competitive market, customer decision is made to maximize his utility. It can be assumed that risk of losing a supply chain’s customer can be defined based on products utility from customer point of view. This paper takes account of product price and service level as competition criteria. The proposed model is based on non-cooperative game theory, for one-manufacturer and one-retailer supp...

The phenomenon of cooperative advertising in the market has always been widespread. Considering a supply chain consisting one manufacturer and multiple retailers with competitive relationships, we explore strategies for deteriorating items when demand is affected by reference price. By establishing differential game model, equilibrium profits under different situations are analysed from long-te...

In this paper, a novel methodology is proposed to solve a cooperative multi-depot vehicle routing problem. We establish a mathematical model for multi-owner VRP in which each owner (i.e. player) manages single or multiple depots. The basic idea consists of offering an option that owners cooperatively manage the VRP to save their costs. We present cooperative game theory techniques for cost savi...

green supply chain management is an environmental approach in supply chain management that aims to decrease ecological risks in products’ life cycle. closed-loop supply chain by collecting and recycling the harmful production in nature attempts to achieve this goal. in this paper, due to different strategies in collecting products, several pricing models in two-echelon closed supply chain are p...

Global warming has become an issue of increasing worldwide concern. At present, the most direct way to solve this problem is control carbon emissions. In our paper, tax policy injected into a two-stage supply chain consisting one manufacturer and two retailers. We establish six game models according relationship (competitive or cooperative) between retailers three power structures (manufacturer...