Defining appropriate environmental flow regimes and criteria for the use of environmental water allocations requires experimental data on the ecological impacts of flow regime change and responses to environmental water allocation. Fish assemblages in one regulated and one unregulated tributary paired in each of two sub-catchments of the Hunter River, coastal New South Wales, Australia, were sa...

RNA editing is a ubiquitous phenomenon affecting most mitochondrial and chloroplast, and some nuclear genomes, where mutations in genomic DNA are "corrected" in the mRNA during transcriptional processing. Most editing in plants and animals corrects T-to-C substitutions at nonsynonymous first or second base positions, and the overall effect is an mRNA and protein sequence that differs from that ...

Protein synthesis in mitochondria is initiated by formylmethionyl-tRNA(Met) (fMet-tRNA(Met)), which requires the activity of the enzyme MTFMT to formylate the methionyl group. We investigated the molecular consequences of mutations in MTFMT in patients with Leigh syndrome or cardiomyopathy. All patients studied were compound heterozygotes. Levels of MTFMT in patient fibroblasts were almost unde...

Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a putative myokine hypothesized to induce an oxidative skeletal muscle phenotype. The specific IL-15 receptor alpha subunit (IL-15Rα) has also been implicated in specifying this contractile phenotype. The purposes of this study were to determine the muscle-specific effects of IL-15Rα functional deficiency on skeletal muscle isometric contractile properties, fatigue cha...

LAMP (Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification) 法を用いて, 日本で生産されたはちみつについて, ニホンミツバチ (Apis cerana) とセイヨウミツバチ (A. mellifera) のどちらから生産されたはちみつかを判別できるプライマーを開発した. LAMPプライマーは, ミツバチの種間変異が見られるミトコンドリアDNAのCOXII遺伝子に対して設計された. はちみつを生産したミツバチの種同定は, 60分以内に100 %の精度で完了することができた. また, 採蜜から室温で約1年間経過したはちみつからもLAMP法で判定することができた. このDNA解析法は, 2種のミツバチから生産されたはちみつを区別することができる初めての方法である.

Background Varicocele (VCL) is characterized by a progressive disorder which is defined by tortuosity of the pampiniform plexus veins. Although elevated oxidative stress, diminished endocrine status and severe inflammation are considered as main reasons for VCL-induced apoptosis, the role of estrogen receptors, testicular aromatization and proto-oncogenes under these conditions are remained unk...

Nuclear genetic mutations have been extensively investigated in solid tumors. However, the role of the mitochondrial genome remains uncertain. Since the metabolism of solid tumors is associated with aerobic glycolysis and high lactate production, tumors may have mitochondrial dysfunctions. Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a rare form‌ of colorectal cancer and an autosomal dominant inheri...

Background It is well established that AS patients had a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) than the general population [1,2]. To date, there no primary studies directly addressing relationship between factors and MACE in population-level study. Objectives examine whether inflammatory burden drug use over time increase major adverse events (MACE) independent traditional (CV) ankylosing...