Combinatory Reduction Systems, or CRSs for short, were designed to combine the usual rst-order format of term rewriting with the presence of bound variables as in pure-calculus and various typed-calculi. Bound variables are also present in many other rewrite systems, such as systems with simpliication rules for proof normalization. The original idea of CRSs is due to Aczel, who introduced a res...

The excitation mechanism of low degree acoustic modes is investigated through the analysis of the stochastic time variations of their energy. The correlation between the energies of two different modes is interpreted as the signature of the occurrence rate of their excitation source. The different correlations determined by Foglizzo et al. (1998) constrain the physical properties of an hypothet...

In this paper I draw attention to how broad changes in the global political economy affect responses to the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the developing world. I argue that stable access to affordable medicines is essential for developing countries to tackle HIV/AIDS epidemics. Developing countries must overcome the “priceinfrastructure trap,” where high prices reduce the feasibility of scaling-up treat...

In this paper, Asymmetric buckling analysis of functionally graded (FG) Circular plates with temperature dependent property that subjected to the uniform radial compression and thermal loading is investigated. This plate is on an elastic medium that simulated by Winkler and Pasternak foundation. Mechanical properties of the plate are assumed to vary nonlinearly by temperature change. The equili...

Intellectual Property (IP) protection is a critical element in a multimedia transmission system. Therefore, ISO/IEC MPEG started the IP protection standardization project on MPEG-4 a few years ago. A basic IPMP (Intellectual Property Protection and Management) structure and interface was first defined in its System part. In this paper, we will first outline the MPEG-4 basic IP protection mechan...

We report new VLT/NACO imaging observations of the young, nearby brown dwarf 2MASSW J1207334−393254 and its suggested planetary mass companion (2M1207 b). Three epochs of VLT/NACO measurements obtained over nearly one year show that the planetary mass companion candidate shares the same proper motion and, with a high confidence level, is not a stationary background object. This result confirms ...

Five trials were carried out to assess the potential productivity of tomatoes in a deep culture hydroponic system in Genting Highlands (1,200 m a.s.l.), Malaysia. The tomatoes were maintained as single-stemmed plants using the layering and vertical methods ofplant training. Determinate and indeterminate varieties producing large, medium and small-sized fruits were investigated in these trials. ...

The mathematical description of laboratory fusion plasmas produced in Tokamaks is still challenging. Complete models for electrons and ions, as Vlasov-Maxwell systems, are computationally too expensive because they take into account all details and scales of magneto-hydrodynamics. In particular, for most of the relevant studies, the mass electron is negligible and the velocity of material waves...

The study of the hard (E ∼ > 10 keV) energy spectra of X–ray binary pulsars can give a wealth of information on the physical processes that occur close to the neutron star surface. Extreme matter regimes are probed, and precious information on how matter and radiation behave and interact in critical conditions can be obtained. We will give an overview on the most recent results obtained by RXTE...

We consider the binomial random graphGn,p and determine a sharp threshold function for the edge-Ramsey property Gn,p → (C1 , . . . , Cr ) for all `1, . . . , `r, where C denotes the cycle of length `. As deterministic consequences of our results, we prove the existence of sparse graphs having the above Ramsey property as well as the existence of infinitely many critical graphs with respect to t...