To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this Federally-funded grant final report available electronically in addition to traditional paper copies. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S.

This article discusses medico-legal aspects in anesthesia. It underlines the standards of care by which anesthesiologists should abide by, as well as define malpractice, its causes, and ways to avoid it. The role of the expert witness is explained and the ethical guidelines to follow are outlined.

Directive 2008/98/EC released by the European Union represents a significant step forward in all relevant aspects of waste management. Under the already established, extended produced responsibility (EPR) principle, new policies have been enunciated to continuously achieve better overall environmental performance of key products throughout their life phases. This paper discusses how the directi...

Customary marriage (nikāḥ ‘urfī)—non-official married life of a couple—is a new phenomenon increasingly spreading throughout the Arab world. Legal and social consequences of customary marriage have led many socio-jurisprudential scholars to forbid all its varieties. The strategy has, nevertheless, failed to restrain the spread of this type of marriage. In this paper, I argue that one f...

To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this paper available electronically in addition to traditional paper copies. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S.

The prolonged conflict situation and the tsunami natural disaster in Aceh, resulted need for more progressive philosophical legal reasoning to answer existing needs. Formal rules that apply legally are not sufficient conditions explore justice. This is a juridical issue at Syar'iyah Court. There needs be findings midst of society all squeezed difficult. Among issues must answered how marriage s...

This paper explores the practices of inheritance distribution among people South Aceh who commonly divide property based on customary law. Heirs receive their shares not according to Islamic law (furudh al-muqaddarah), as both male and female heirs earn equal portions. The study this aims examine concept from perspective gender equity, pattern interaction formation in social institutions, basis...