We present a model of decentralisation of organisational search activity in NK fitness landscapes. The degree of decentralisation is expressed as the number of elements within a patch P. We derive analytical results for landscapes of maximum complexity (K = N-1) for the expected number of local optima for different degrees of decentralisation. The ruggedness of a landscape depends on the search...

Background Decentralisation in the health sector has been promoted in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) for many years. Inherently, decentralisation grants decision-making space to local level authorities over different functions such as: finance, human resources, service organization, and governance. However, there is paucity of studies which have assessed the actual use of decisi...

Fiscal decentralisation has played a significant role in the development of China’s economy over the past three decades. Yet there has been only limited analysis of the way in which decentralisation might affect variables such as welfare, output and income at the aggregate level and none at the regional level. This paper makes a contribution to redressing this lack by analysing the aggregate an...

The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae, and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand, or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caus...

Decentralisation has become an essential tool of democracy and development. Decentralisation has been widely promoted all over the world as a means of promoting governance, participation and local development. Undoubtedly, decentralisation is a positive action. However, decentralised local governments are yet to effectively deliver the much-expected results. In Ghana, concerns have been raised ...

This paper investigates the evolution of expenditure inequality in Indonesia during 1999-2008, a period that coincides greatly with the implementation of fiscal decentralisation policy. In general, the results show increasing expenditure inequality evident in a decreasing share of income in the bottom 10 percent, and an increasing share in the top 10 percent. Further examination employing the t...

Violent Jihad in the Netherlands Current trends in the Islamist terrorist threat 2 3 Contents Foreword 5 Introduction 7 The murder of Theo van Gogh: consequences and effects 7 General trends in the development of jihadism 9 Framework of terms and definitions 10 1 From exogenous threat to home-grown terrorism 13 1.1 What is a jihadist network? 13 1.2 Historical development of network formation 1...