BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is prevalent in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is also associated with T2DM. However, little is known about the interaction between these conditions in patients with T2DM. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between NAFLD and DN in patients with T2DM. METHODS This retrospective study included ...

BACKGROUND Irreversible nerve injury may result from neural membrane lysis due to the detergent properties of local anesthetics. This study aimed to investigate whether local anesthetics display the same properties as detergents and whether they disrupt the model membrane at high concentrations. METHODS Concentrations at which dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride and four local anesthetic (dibuc...

Foxp3 expression is a marker of regulatory T cells (Treg), but how early it is expressed in the thymus is still not fully defined. In this study, we examined Foxp3 expression in double-negative (DN) CD4(-)CD8(-) T cell precursors in the thymus by flow cytometry. By increasing the number of collected cells from the conventional 10(4) cells up to more than 10(6) cells during flow cytometry, we fo...

Two families segregating for the atypical (E1a) allele at cholinesterase locus 1 are described. Unusual results for dibucaine inhibition led to the recognition of a new allele (E1k) also segregating in these families. The enzymatic and immunological data are consistent with the hypothesis that E1k causes reduction of 'usual' (E1u) molecules by about 33%. Whether the reduction of E1u caused by E...

A method for determining the rate of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs release from different types of liposomal dispersions and gels using a dialysis method is described. Dibucaine base and 5-fluorouracil were used as model drugs for a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic drug, respectively. A dialysis technique was employed. Release rates were affected by the rate of rotation of the paddles of the t...

Exosomes, a major type of extracellular vesicles (EVs), are nanoscale excreted by almost all cell types via invagination the endosomal membrane pathway. Exosomes play crucial role in mediation intercellular communication both health and disease, which can be ascribed to their capacity transported neighboring or distant cells, thus regulating biological function recipient cells through cargos su...

Nephropathy is a common diabetes complication. ERRFI1 gene which participates in various cellular pathways has been proposed as a candidate gene in diabetic nephropathy. This study aimed to investigate the role of +808T/G polymorphism (rs377349) in ERRFI1 gene in diabetic nephropathy. In this case-control study, patients including diabetes with nephropathy (DN=104), type 2 diabetes without neph...