T HE role of rumen protozoa in ruminant metabolism has received increasing attention during the past few years. Increased rates of gain by lambs containing protozoa compared to protozoa-free lambs were reported by Abou Akkada and el-Shazly (1964) and Yoder et al. (1964), who demonstrated that certain rations are more readily digested by faunated than by defaunated lambs. Greater rumen ammonia c...

Studies at the University of Reading (UK) compared silage quality, feed intake and digestibility of maize silage with maize±sun ̄ower (MS), maize±kale (MK) and maize±runner bean (MRB) silage, when sun ̄owers, kale and runner beans represented 26, 7 and 16% of total silage dry matter (DM). All intercrop silages had higher crude protein values (MS, 137 g kgÿ1, MRB, 120 g kgÿ1, MK, 105 g kgÿ1) than ...

this study was conducted to investigate the effect of mentha piperita (pp) and melissa officinalis (mp)powder on performance, apparent digestibility of fat and protein and blood parametersof broiler chicks subjected to heat stress. 200-day-old male ross broiler chicks were assigned to a completely randomized design with five dietary treatments and four replicates. the experimental treatments we...

INTRODUCTION In modern North American beef and dairy production systems, cattle typically are fed relatively high concentrate diets to achieve maximum production. Usually grains are processed to increase their digestibility in the rumen and in the total digestive tract; this increases feed conversion efficiency and helps reduce feed costs. However, the potential benefits of increased ruminal st...

Experiments were conducted to determine the effect of the physiological condition of swine on standardized ileal digestibility coefficients (SID). The apparent ileal digestibility coefficients were determined for crude protein and amino acids in six feed ingredients (corn, barley, wheat, soybean meal, canola meal, and meat and bone meal) in growing pigs and in gestating and lactating sows. Grow...

The effect of substituting native grass with jengkol (Archidendron jiringa) by-product on fermentation characteristics, rumen microbial profile, methane production, and hydrogen balance using in vitro method was investigated. Seven treatments (different composition of native grass, jengkol peel, jengkol leaves, and concentrate) with five replications in a block randomized desi...

Forage analyses are a valuable tool for determining the economic value of forages and for formulating efficient and profitable rations. To be useful, forage analyses must be determined accurately and interpreted correctly. The sample submitted must truly represent the feed being analyzed and the forage analyses must provide information that is relevant. There are reliable and repeatable methods...

The ability of enzymes, direct-fed microbials, or yeast to enhance nutrient utilization or growth performance in nursery or finishing pigs fed diets containing increased levels of fiber from corn distillers dried grains with solubles is largely unknown. A total of 192 nursery (11.9 kg initial BW) and 96 finishing (98.4 kg initial BW) pigs were allotted to individual pens and fed their respectiv...

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a heat stable phytase derived from Citrobacter braakii on true digestibility of P and on phytate dephosphorylation at the terminal ileum segment in broiler chickens. Four semi-synthetic diets, each containing either wheat, maize, soybean meal or rapeseed meal as the only source of phosphorus and calcium were supplemented with microbial phytase at 1000 ...