In universal personal telecommunication (UPT) environments, UPT networks retain information related to incall/outcall registration in UPT user service profiles in order to provide incoming UPT calls for UPT users in any location who have registered at a terminal. As UPT networks support incall registration, terminal users can be different from terminal owners, and several UPT users can register...

Designing short DNA words is a problem of constructing a set (i.e., code) of n DNA strings (i.e., words) with the minimum length such that the Hamming distance between each pair of words is at least k and the n words satisfy a set of additional constraints. This problem has applications in, e.g., DNA self-assembly and DNA arrays. Previous works include those that extended results from coding th...

Double-stranded DNA can exist in multiple structures, including three recently identified overstretched structures (peeled ssDNA, DNA bubble, and S-DNA) for torsion-unconstrained DNA under large tension. Here, we report systematic studies of interconversion between these overstretched DNA structures induced by changing NaCl concentration at constant force. At forces above 70 pN where DNA exists...

In the 'Introduction' and 'Results and Discussion' sections of this manuscript, the authors used 2 sequences that were previously published and cited already as references 35 and 44. To better reflect the use of these sequences within the Introduction: " Using these dependencies, we designed Ag-DNA templates to function as an optical sensor in living cells' interior environments (Fig. 1b–d) (fo...

Ligation, the joining of DNA fragments, is a fundamental procedure in molecular cloning and is indispensable to the production of genetically modified organisms that can be used for basic research, the applied biosciences, or both. Given that many genes cooperate in various pathways, incorporating multiple gene cassettes in tandem in a transgenic DNA construct for the purpose of genetic modific...

background: dna vaccination with plasmid encoding bacterial, viral, and parasitic immunogens has been shown to be an attractive method to induce efficient immune responses. bacteria of the genus brucella are facultative intracellular pathogens for which new and efficient vaccines are needed. methods: to evaluate the use of a dna immunization strategy for protection against brucellosis, a plasmi...

objective: dna vaccines have been widely used to develop immunity against various pathogens including parasites and viruses. the potential of dna vaccine to induce an effective immune response is related to the expression levels of the encoded protein in eukaryotic cells. therefore, optimization of plasmid dna delivery system is a major concern in protein expression in order to make an efficien...