A novel optical-trap method for improving the trapping capability using a radially polarized narrow-width annular beam (NWAB) has been proposed. In this paper, we theoretically study the tight focusing properties of a radially polarized NWAB, formed by subtly blocking the central portion of a radially polarized Bessel–Gaussian beam (the original doughnut beam), through a high-numerical aperture...

Puf proteins regulate translation and mRNA stability by binding sequences in their target RNAs through the Pumilio homology domain (PUM-HD), which is characterized by eight tandem copies of a 36 amino acid motif, the PUM repeat. We have solved the structure of the PUM-HD from human Pumilio1 at 1.9 A resolution. The structure reveals that the eight PUM repeats correspond to eight copies of a sin...

Photobleaching remains a limiting factor in superresolution fluorescence microscopy. This is particularly true for stimulated emission depletion (STED) and reversible saturable/switchable optical fluorescence transitions (RESOLFT) microscopy, where adjacent fluorescent molecules are distinguished by sequentially turning them off (or on) using a pattern of light formed as a doughnut or a standin...

Mound formation in the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium results from the chemotactic aggregation of competent cells. Periodic cAMP signals propagate as multiarmed spiral waves and coordinate the movement of the cells. In the late aggregate stage the cells differentiate into prespore and several prestalk cell types. Prestalk cells sort out chemotactically to form the tip, which then controls a...

Point spread function (PSF) engineering of the emitter can code higher spatial frequency information an image to break diffraction limit but suffer from complexed optical systems. Here we present a robust strategy simultaneously achieve diverse PSFs upconversion nanoparticles under single doughnut-shape scanning beam. By saturating four-photon state, high-frequency be extracted through doughnut...

10.1056/nejmp1011625 nejm.org 1 the Medicare Part D benefit.1 Several months ago, seniors who had reached the spending threshold that marked the beginning of their doughnut hole began to receive their $250 rebate checks. Incrementally between now and 2020, the coverage gap will be filled with subsidies from manufacturers of brandname drugs and from the federal government. Thus, the ACA, like Pa...

This paper proposes a new data structure called a variable-priority queue. The queue supports, in addition to the ordinary queue operations, an operation MIN to find an item of minimum key and three operations to change keys of items. Any sequence of these m operations can be processed in O(m) time. Furthermore, as its application, this paper presents two efficient algorithms for network proble...