A year-long field study to characterize the ionic species in PM2.5 was carried out in Shanghai and Beijing, China, in 1999–2000. Weekly samples of PM2.5 were collected using a special low flow rate (0.4 lmin ) sampler. In Shanghai, SO4 2 NO3 and NH4 + were the dominant ionic species, which accounted for 46%, 18% and 17% of the total mass of ions, respectively. Local SO2 emissions were an import...

Most vertebrates, including cartilaginous fishes, maintain their plasma SO4 (2-) concentration ([SO4 (2-)]) within a narrow range of 0.2-1 mM. As seawater has a [SO4 (2-)] about 40 times higher than that of the plasma, SO4 (2-) excretion is the major role of kidneys in marine teleost fishes. It has been suggested that cartilaginous fishes also excrete excess SO4 (2-) via the kidney. However, li...

Sulfate reduction and SRB growth kinetics were studied in growth media for SRB (Dev et al., 2014), MSRB containing marine waste extract as nitrogen source with increasing SO4 concentration, such as 1500, 3500, 5500 and 7500 mg L. With increase in SO4 concentration, SO4 reduction rate, its efficiency, SRB specific growth rate, HS generation rate were deteriorated. In the presence of 1500 mg L SO...

Diatoms samples in Zayandeh Rood Dam Lake were taken in four stations from surface, 0.5 and 3 m depths of water in three replicate by Nansen sampler. Additional samples were taken from the surface with plankton net. Diatoms samples fixed with 4% formaldehyde and were concentrated and identified using microscope at 400 x. Salinity, NO3, PO4 and SO4 were measured using standard methods (APHA). In...

Sulfate (SO4(2-)) concentrations and fluxes were studied for multiple storm events in the Point Peter Brook watershed, a glaciated, forested watershed located in Western New York, USA. Investigations were performed across one large (696 ha) and three small (1.6-3.4 ha) catchments with varying extent of riparian and wetland areas. Concentrations of SO4(2-) in groundwater sources (mean values: 23...

study of groundwater quality trend in any region is very important from the view of scheduling and sustainable water resources management. in the present study trend analysis conducted on groundwater quality based on information of 32 piezometeric stations located in the ardabil plain from 1993 to 2008 using the non-parametric spearman test. hydrogeochemical variables studied here are total ani...