Market sales in China entered a stable stage in early1990s. The total value of consumption products by the whole of Chinese society in 1991 was US$3739.7 billion; after taking price rises and inflation into account. This total consumption reflects an annual increase of 10%. The purchasing power in China is amazing. The low income and high consumption in China is a new trend. Chinese people have...

Multimodal travel behaviour, also termed multimodality, refers to as the phenomenon of an individual using more than one mode transport in a given period. Studies indicate that encouraging multimodality may provide solution induce modal shifts towards sustainable transport. In this research, we investigate distribution mode-specific attitudes and attitude-mode use incompatibilities across clust...

Researchers in travel behavior have explored attitudes as important determinants since the 1980s. However, with recent increased frequency, researchers are broadening the use of attitudinal data in models to explain behavior. Much of the application however has focused on attitudes about entities such as lifestyles and attributes of different transport modes. Little focus has been placed on att...

The Institute for Transport Studies at the University of Leeds is carrying out research about the reliability benefits from improved bus infrastructure. The study includes both demand and supply modelling, and it is hoped that the final stage of the project will include an economic analysis of the effects on reliability of different bus infrastructure improvement scenarios. Of the various measu...

in recent years, reducing emissions has become an important issue. besides reducing the economic costs, reducing the fuel consumption decreases emissions, pollutant impact and increases society health as well. green vehicle routing problem are a major key to reduce hazardous effects of transportation such as air pollution, greenhouse gas (ghg) emissions, noise and the like. generally, the amoun...

As the evidence mounts that some HOV lanes will not produce expected reductions in congestion and emission, alternatives are being sought. High occupancy toll (HOT) lanes and truck only lanes are attractive alternatives. In this study, a region-wide system of new HOV lanes, HOT lanes, and truck only lanes in the Sacramento region are compared. The travel effects are simulated with the Sacrament...