among others internal, regional, international, political, economic, technical, social and cultural factors are reasons that theorists introduce for beginning of integration at a region. by looking at the functions of the shanghai cooperation organization and the association of southeast asian nations (asean), we understand that there are two basic pragmatic factors, the support of the great po...

This review article compares ambulatory and hospital-based quality improvement methods in Israel. Data were collected from: reports of the National Program for Quality Indicators in community, the National Program for Quality Indicators in Hospitals, and from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Reviews of Health Care Quality.

AIMS The two components of disability-adjusted life year (DALY), years of life lost (YLL) and years lived with disability (YLD), are underutilized in evaluating heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and in assessing the global burden of disease. We aim to describe both the direct (medical) and the indirect (morbidity and mortality) inpatient cost of congestive heart failure in a ...

In this study, the use of backwash, extracted from city waste from Tehran's Kahrizakareawasinvestigated in agricultural applications as well as in eco system applications. The purpose of thisresearch was to definethe quality of qualitative and quantitative parameters to measure the output ofleachate treatment plant Arad Kooh(Kahrizak Tehran) in order to reuse it for agricultural use anddischarg...

Rev Panam Salud Publica/Pan Am J Public Health 8(1/2), 2000 A roundtable discussion on international cooperation in health reform in the Americas In April 2000 representatives from several international donor organizations conducted an electronic roundtable to look into their “crystal balls” and imagine a future for donor collaboration in health sector reform in the Americas. The participants w...

This study focuses on electronic collaboration based on inter-organizational information systems (IOIS), particularly between dominant buyers and their suppliers. From the suppliers’ perspective, we examine ways to achieve higher performance by increasing the extent to which they proactively participate in business activities using IOIS. We propose that electronic collaboration consists of two ...

Empirical studies on FDI and growth in developed countries have yielded conflicting results using crosscountry regressions. We use sectoral data for a group of six country members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Our paper is the first to identify the sector-specific impact of FDI on growth in the developed countries. Our results show that FDI might have positive or...