A. S. Reddi, Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Disorders, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-9083-8_2, © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 Measurement of urine Na + , Cl − , and K + is rather common in hospitalized patients, and these urine electrolytes are useful in the diagnostic evaluation of volume status, hyponatremia , acute kidney injury (AKI) , metabolic alkalosis, hypokalemia and urine ...

In order to obtain highly conductive polymer gel electrolytes for electrochemical devices, Poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVdF) based gel electrolytes, namely, (100–x)PVdF + xNH4SCN electrolyte system has been synthesized by solution cast technique and characterized by XRD, DSC, IR, SEM and electrical measurements. IR study of gel electrolytes shows interaction of PVdF matrix and dopant salt with ...

Xu, C. 2017. Non-aqueous Electrolytes and Interfacial Chemistry in Lithium-ion Batteries. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 1525. 72 pp. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. ISBN 978-91-554-9931-0. Lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology is currently the most promising candidate for power sources in applications such as portable...

Systematic studies on the vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) and conductometric properties of aqueous solutions of model surface-active ionic liquid 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([C12mim]Br) are performed in the absence and presence of a large series of electrolytes in order to achieve a deeper understanding about the molecular mechanism behind the specific salt effect on the aggregation be...

The anodic dissolution of 100Cr6 steel in neutral electrolytes containing sodium chloride and sodium nitrate was investigated potentiodynamically and galvanodynamically with a rotating disc electrode at room temperature. The total concentration of the mixed electrolyte was 3 mol L with variation of chloride/nitrate mole ratios. The potentiodynamic linear sweep voltammograms (LSVs) in mixed elec...

Using Sm-doped Ceria electrolytes (SDC) in SOFCs (solid oxide fuel cell), the open circuit voltage (OCV) becomes lower than the Nernst voltage (Vth), which is obtained using Yttria-stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) electrolytes. Classically, OCV is calculated with Wagner’s equation. However, experimental verification of leakage currents using SDC electrolytes is necessary, both qualitatively and quanti...

Lithium solid electrolytes can potentially address two key limitations of the organic electrolytes used in today's lithium-ion batteries, namely, their flammability and limited electrochemical stability. However, achieving a Li(+) conductivity in the solid state comparable to existing liquid electrolytes (>1 mS cm(-1)) is particularly challenging. In this work, we reveal a fundamental relations...

Replacing organic liquid electrolytes with solid electrolytes has led to a new perspective on batteries, enabling high-energy battery chemistry with intrinsically safe cell designs. However, most solid/gel electrolytes are easily deformed; under extreme deformation, leakage and/or short-circuiting can occur. Here, we report a novel magneto-rheological electrolyte (MR electrolyte) that responds ...

Electrolytes of relevance for high performance batteries have to fulfill a variety of restrictive criteria: Not only is high Li conductivity a necessary condition to avoid too high losses, also an anion contribution as low as possible is desired as otherwise concentration polarization occurs [1]. Furthermore, the electrolyte should be mechanically stable. Beyond that, it should wet the electrod...