To explore the effects of formative assessment on student engagement in classroom, 60 upper-intermediate level EFL students, were chosen out of a convenience sample of 120, using the Oxford Placement Test and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. After the intervention, the students were asked to complete the Student Course Engagement Questionnaire. Independent sample t-tes...

moving in line with the postulation that metadiscourse (md) markers help transform a dry and tortuous piece of text into a coherent and reader-friendly one, the researchers in the current study attempted to investigate the effect different metadiscourse markers might have on iranian efl learners’ perception of written texts. to this end, 120 undergraduate english students were given three diffe...

metadiscourse is a widely used term in current discourse analysis and language education, referring to an interesting, and relatively new approach to conceptualizing interaction between text producers and their texts and between text producers and users. despite the growing importance of the term, however, it is often understood in different ways and used to refer to different aspects of langua...

community participation, as one of the basic components of sustainable development in a community. this study aimed to determine patterns of community participation, identify factors associated with their social and civic engagement, and examine the relation between the factors and community engagement patterns. patterns of citizen participation were determined in social and civic engagements. ...

the purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between transformational leadership and job engagement by mediating role of psychological empowerment. concerning it’s purpose, the study is practical and considerate the data collection procedure it is a descriptive correlation study. the population of the study includes all kurdistan province education office staff (200 subjects) which ...

Abstract Introduction: The challenges and difficulties of working in intensive care units put pressure on healthcare professionals, especially nurses. To support nurses working in intensive care units (ICUs), developing supportive climates in organizations may drive nurses towards increasing work engagement levels and other related factors. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relatio...

A number of studies have explored the main features predatory practices that prevail in academic journals and conferences. However, not much has been investigated regarding ways journal editors convey credibility trustworthiness when addressing scholars looking for publication outlets and, more specifically, what interpersonal resources (like proximity or engagement markers) are used to persuad...

In this second of two papers on minimally disruptive medicine, we use the language of patient workload and patient capacity from the Cumulative Complexity Model to accomplish three tasks. First, we outline the current context in healthcare, comprised of contrasting problems: some people lack access to care and others receive too much care in an overmedicalised system, both of which reflect imba...