A novel porous fluorine doped tin oxide (PFTO) conductive framework was introduced to counter electrodes (CEs) for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). When modified by platinum (Pt) or carbon (C), the PFTO conductive framework displays high catalytic activity to I(-)/I3(-) redox couples. Power conversion efficiencies of 6.09% and 5.81% were obtained in the DSSCs based on Pt and C modified PFTO ...

A sensitive amperometric biosensor based on gold nanoelectrode array (NEA) was investigated. The gold nanoelectrode array was fabricated by template-assisted electrodeposition on general electrodes, which shows an ordered well-defined 3D structure of nanowires. The sensitivity of the gold NEA to hydrogen peroxide is 37 times higher than that of the conventional electrode. The linear range of th...

A review of the background of biosensors which utilise osmium complexes for monitoring the glucose levels in diabetic patients is presented. A n electrochemical system, based on an osmium redox polymer, is described; the system is aimed at being a reliable, compact and miniature in vivo sensor for implantation into diabetic patients for continuous monitoring of their blood glucose levels. The s...

Structural mapping of intermediate size and large molecules biomolecules at ultra-high resolution using single-crystal electrodes in situ scanning tunnelling microscopy continues to disclose surprising findings. In spectroscopy has also recently disclosed new electrochemical conductivity features the level single molecule. We overview briefly elements this development over last few years, with ...

In this report, alkanethiol self assembled monolayers (SAM) with two different chain lengths were used to immobilize the functionalizing enzyme (glucose oxidase) onto gold nanopillar modified electrodes and the electrochemical processes of these functionalized electrodes in glucose detection were investigated. First, the formation of these SAMs on the nanopillar modified electrodes was characte...

Robust composite nanofibers (NFs) are prerequisite for highly efficient electrochemical sensors. We report the electrochemical application of gold nanoparticle (Au NP)-composite Nafion NFs using a facile electrospinning technique. Owing to the uniform distribution and large surface area of the Au NPs in the NFs, the Au NP-composite electrodes gave rise to greatly improved electrochemical proper...

background existence of fluoride in drinking water above the permissible level causes human skeletal fluorosis. objectives electrocoagulation by iron and aluminum electrodes was proposed for removing fluoride from drinking water. materials and methods effects of different operating conditions such as treatment time, initial ph, applied voltage, type and number of electrodes, the spaces between ...

A flow cell has been designed for use with an electrochemical enzyme biosensor, based on low-cost carbon-film electrodes. Three types of mediators were used: cobalt and copper hexacyanoferrates and poly(neutral red) (PNR), covered with glucose oxidase (GOx) immobilised by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde in the presence of bovine serum albumin or inside a oxysilane sol-gel network. Mixtures of...