Pollution from motor vehicles constitutes a major environmental health problem. The present paper describes associations between diesel and gasoline engine emissions and lung cancer, as evidenced in a 1979–1985 population-based case-control study in Montreal, Canada. Cases were 857 male lung cancer patients. Controls were 533 population controls and 1,349 patients with other cancer types. Subje...

Pollution from motor vehicles constitutes a major environmental health problem. The present paper describes associations between diesel and gasoline engine emissions and lung cancer, as evidenced in a 1979-1985 population-based case-control study in Montreal, Canada. Cases were 857 male lung cancer patients. Controls were 533 population controls and 1,349 patients with other cancer types. Subje...

Introduction: Monitoring and controlling water resources and using health risk assessment approaches for water pollutants are essential for health promotion programs. This study aims to determine the water quality status and its spatiotemporal variation across the Kan River Basin, explore the interrelationship between surface and groundwater quality indices, and assess the nitrate health risk i...

BACKGROUND This study was focused on the probability of carcinogen risk of low-level ingestion and dermal exposure with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from drinking water in Tehran, capital of Iran. METHODS Concentrations of 16 PAHs were measured in the tap, bottled and heated tap water in four different seasons. Using a questionnaire-based survey, exposure with PAHs from drinking wa...

BACKGROUND Previous studies convincingly showed an increase in risk of breast cancer associated with current or recent use of oral contraceptives from the 1960s to 1980s. The relation of contemporary oral contraceptive formulations to breast cancer risk is less clear. METHODS We assessed lifetime oral contraceptive use and the specific formulations used among 116,608 female nurses ages 25 to ...

The present study aimed to evaluate the health risk of heavy metals (iron, zinc, cadmium, arsenic, nickel, lead, and mercury), benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the workplace in a secondary oil re-refining factory. In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, samples were collected and analyzed using the NIOSH 1501 method at eight sa...

Occupational exposure to strong inorganic acid mists containing sulfuric acid has been recognized as a carcinogen (Group 1) since 1992. An augmented, secondary data analysis of a population-based case-control study of lung cancer was conducted to assess lung cancer-specific risks using 772 lung cancer cases diagnosed between 1981 and 1985. Individually matched controls--on age, gender, and boro...

Ionizing radiations emanating from human natural environment could have serious negative effects at certain exposure level. Therefore the evaluation of radioisotopes origin becomes very important in order to achieve specific objective quantifying radiological parameters and their respective health implications. Hence estimation Activity Utlization Index (AUI) Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) ...

Introduction: Gail model is one of the most important models for the evaluation of breast cancer risk between US white females. According to genetic diversity, there is a possibility of affecting the efficiency of the Gail model in risk assessment of breast cancer among Iranian populations. In this study, the Gail model efficiency in specifying the risk of breast cancer in Iranian population wa...

Introduction: Gail model is one of the most important models for the evaluation of breast cancer risk between US white females. According to genetic diversity, there is a possibility of affecting the efficiency of the Gail model in risk assessment of breast cancer among Iranian populations. In this study, the Gail model efficiency in specifying the risk of breast cancer in Iranian population wa...