Abstract Regulatory T cells (Tregs) exert immunosuppressive functions and hamper anti-tumor immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. Understanding heterogeneity of intratumoral Tregs, how it changes with progression, will provide clues regarding novel target molecules Treg-directed therapies. Here we characterized phenotypes suppressive function Tregs from tissues 42 patients renal cell ...

Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common adult leukemia in the western world. This health problem is caused due to the accumulation of mature B-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and bone marrow. In the course of cancer, CD4+ T cells become “exhausted” and characterized with poor effector functions and the expression of multiple inhibitory receptors. Objective: To inve...

our previous study reported that lactobacillus acidophilus ( l.acidophilus )  key laboratory of dairy science  (klds) 1.0738 had an effective impact on inhibiting β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) allergy. this study further investigated the anti-allergic activity of peptidoglycan (pgn) isolated from klds 1.0738. this study aimed to assess whether toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2)/nf-kappab (nf-κb) signaling ac...

Single-cell transcriptome profiling of tumour tissue isolates allows the characterization of heterogeneous tumour cells along with neighbouring stromal and immune cells. Here we adopt this powerful approach to breast cancer and analyse 515 cells from 11 patients. Inferred copy number variations from the single-cell RNA-seq data separate carcinoma cells from non-cancer cells. At a single-cell re...

Peripheral blood T-cells from untreated HIV-1-infected patients exhibit reduced immune responses, usually associated with a hyperactivated/exhausted phenotype compared to HAART treated patients. However, it is not clear whether HAART ameliorates this altered phenotype of T-cells in the gastrointestinal-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), the main site for viral replication. Here, we compared T-c...

Background: Naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg) exert an important role in mediating maternal tolerance to the fetus during pregnancy. During pregnancy the elevated number of regulatory T cells (Tregs) correlates with 17-b oestradiol (E2) level. The role of maternal hormones in successful pregnancy is well known. Maternal hormones through re-engineering of the maternal immun...

Background: Adipose derived stem cells (ASCs) provoke the accumulation and expansion of regulatory T cells, leading to the modulation of immune responses in tumor microenvironment. Objective: To assess the effect of tumoral ASCs on the trend of regulatory T cells differentiation. Methods: Peripheral blood naïve CD4+ T cells were co-cultured with ASCs derived from breast cancer or normal breast ...

Background: Regulatory T cells (T-regs) have an important role in cancer by suppression of protective antitumor immune responses. Regulatory T cells express the forkhead/winged helix transcription factor (FOXP3) and OX40 molecules which have important regulatory roles in the immune system. Objective: To evaluate FOXP3 and OX40 transcripts in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of women with ...