environmental effects associated with pesticide application have motivated the development of integrated pest management programs throughout the world. advantages of the implementation of such a program like food security, biodiversity, consumer and producer security can be stated as economic value. estimating the economic value of such programs can be helpful in identifying the benefits as wel...

What are credit accumulation and transfer schemes (CATS)? ‘1’0 emphasize the points already made today, I will repeat that CATS are strategies that have opened up the capacity to receive credits for successful learning Lvhether it is achieved at home, in the work place, at college, or some combination of all of these. There are schemes available that give flexibility of place of study, some exa...

bank credits affect employment through providing investment opportunities for firms and creating jobs for applicants. this needs، of course، an efficient financial system in the country to manage properly financial resources in order that the firms can access to the relevant economic effects of employment and growth.the performance of banking is thus a major determinant of employment and busine...

This paper investigates the effect of tax incentives on R&D activities in Taiwanese manufacturing firms. Specifically, we assess the potential R&D-enhancing effect on recipients of R&D tax credits compared with their non-recipient counterparts. Moreover, the potential difference in the R&D-enhancing effect between high-tech and non-high-tech firms is also examined. Utilizing a firm-level panel ...